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Microstructural Imaging in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: Diffusion Imaging Changes Relate to Reduced Neurite Density

Winston, GP; Vos, SB; Caldairou, B; Hong, S-J; Czech, M; Wood, TC; Wastling, SJ; ... Bernasconi, A; + view all (2020) Microstructural Imaging in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: Diffusion Imaging Changes Relate to Reduced Neurite Density. NeuroImage: Clinical , 26 , Article 102231. 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102231. Green open access

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Abstract

Purpose: Previous imaging studies in patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) have examined the spatial distribution of changes in imaging parameters such as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) metrics and cortical thickness. Multi-compartment models offer greater specificity with parameters more directly related to known changes in TLE such as altered neuronal density and myelination. We studied the spatial distribution of conventional and novel metrics including neurite density derived from NODDI (Neurite Orientation Dispersion and Density Imaging) and myelin water fraction (MWF) derived from mcDESPOT (Multi-Compartment Driven Equilibrium Single Pulse Observation of T1/T2)] to infer the underlying neurobiology of changes in conventional metrics. / Methods: 20 patients with TLE and 20 matched controls underwent magnetic resonance imaging including a volumetric T1-weighted sequence, multi-shell diffusion from which DTI and NODDI metrics were derived and a protocol suitable for mcDESPOT fitting. Models of the grey matter-white matter and grey matter-CSF surfaces were automatically generated from the T1-weighted MRI. Conventional diffusion and novel metrics of neurite density and MWF were sampled from intracortical grey matter and subcortical white matter surfaces and cortical thickness was measured. / Results: In intracortical grey matter, diffusivity was increased in the ipsilateral temporal and frontopolar cortices with more restricted areas of reduced neurite density. Diffusivity increases were largely related to reductions in neurite density, and to a lesser extent CSF partial volume effects, but not MWF. In subcortical white matter, widespread bilateral reductions in fractional anisotropy and increases in radial diffusivity were seen. These were primarily related to reduced neurite density, with an additional relationship to reduced MWF in the temporal pole and anterolateral temporal neocortex. Changes were greater with increasing epilepsy duration. Bilaterally reduced cortical thickness in the mesial temporal lobe and centroparietal cortices was unrelated to neurite density and MWF. / Conclusions: Diffusivity changes in grey and white matter are primarily related to reduced neurite density with an additional relationship to reduced MWF in the temporal pole. Neurite density may represent a more sensitive and specific biomarker of progressive neuronal damage in refractory TLE that deserves further study.

Type: Article
Title: Microstructural Imaging in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: Diffusion Imaging Changes Relate to Reduced Neurite Density
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102231
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2020.102231
Language: English
Additional information: Copyright © 2020 Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)
Keywords: Temporal Lobe Epilepsy, Neurite Density, Myelination, Multi-compartment models, Diffusion Imaging
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology > Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Dept of Computer Science
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10092640
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