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Glial fibrillary acidic protein is a body fluid biomarker for glial pathology in human disease

Petzold, A; (2015) Glial fibrillary acidic protein is a body fluid biomarker for glial pathology in human disease. [Review]. Brain Research , 1600 pp. 17-31. 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.12.027. Green open access

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Abstract

This review on the role of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) as a biomarker for astroglial pathology in neurological diseases provides background to protein synthesis, assembly, function and degeneration. Qualitative and quantitative analytical techniques for the investigation of human tissue and biological fluid samples are discussed including partial lack of parallelism and multiplexing capabilities. Pathological implications are reviewed in view of immunocytochemical, cell-culture and genetic findings. Particular emphasis is given to neurodegeneration related to autoimmune astrocytopathies and to genetic gain of function mutations. The current literature on body fluid levels of GFAP in human disease is summarised and illustrated by disease specific meta-analyses. In addition to the role of GFAP as a diagnostic biomarker for chronic disease, there are important data on the prognostic value for acute conditions. The published evidence permits to classify the dominant GFAP signatures in biological fluids. This classification may serve as a template for supporting diagnostic criteria of autoimmune astrocytopathies, monitoring disease progression in toxic gain of function mutations, clinical treatment trials (secondary outcome and toxicity biomarker) and provide prognostic information in neurocritical care if used within well defined time-frames.

Type: Article
Title: Glial fibrillary acidic protein is a body fluid biomarker for glial pathology in human disease
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.12.027
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2014.12.027
Language: English
Additional information: This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions.
Keywords: Intermediate filaments, Glial fibrillary acidic protein, GFAP, Body fluid biomarker, Neurodegeneration, Autoimmune astrocytopathies
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10089438
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