Leurent, B;
Gomes, M;
Cro, S;
Wiles, N;
Carpenter, JR;
(2019)
Reference-based multiple imputation for missing data sensitivity analyses in trial-based cost-effectiveness analysis.
Health Economics
, 29
(2)
pp. 171-184.
10.1002/hec.3963.
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Abstract
Missing data are a common issue in cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) alongside randomised trials and are often addressed assuming the data are 'missing at random'. However, this assumption is often questionable, and sensitivity analyses are required to assess the implications of departures from missing at random. Reference-based multiple imputation provides an attractive approach for conducting such sensitivity analyses, because missing data assumptions are framed in an intuitive way by making reference to other trial arms. For example, a plausible not at random mechanism in a placebo-controlled trial would be to assume that participants in the experimental arm who dropped out stop taking their treatment and have similar outcomes to those in the placebo arm. Drawing on the increasing use of this approach in other areas, this paper aims to extend and illustrate the reference-based multiple imputation approach in CEA. It introduces the principles of reference-based imputation and proposes an extension to the CEA context. The method is illustrated in the CEA of the CoBalT trial evaluating cognitive behavioural therapy for treatment-resistant depression. Stata code is provided. We find that reference-based multiple imputation provides a relevant and accessible framework for assessing the robustness of CEA conclusions to different missing data assumptions.
Type: | Article |
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Title: | Reference-based multiple imputation for missing data sensitivity analyses in trial-based cost-effectiveness analysis |
Location: | England |
Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
DOI: | 10.1002/hec.3963 |
Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1002/hec.3963 |
Language: | English |
Additional information: | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ |
Keywords: | controlled imputation, cost-effectiveness analysis, missing data, missing not at random, multiple imputation, randomised trial, reference-based, sensitivity analysis |
UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Inst of Clinical Trials and Methodology UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Inst of Clinical Trials and Methodology > MRC Clinical Trials Unit at UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Epidemiology and Health UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Epidemiology and Health > Applied Health Research |
URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10088310 |
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