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Mitochondrial dysfunction and energy deprivation in the mechanism of neurodegeneration

Abramov, AY; Angelova, PR; (2019) Mitochondrial dysfunction and energy deprivation in the mechanism of neurodegeneration. Turkish Journal of Biochemistry , 44 (6) pp. 723-729. 10.1515/tjb-2019-0255. Green open access

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Abstract

Energy-producing organelles mitochondria are involved in a number of cellular functions. Deregulation of mitochondrial function due to mutations or effects of mitochondrial toxins is proven to be a trigger for diverse pathologies, including neurodegenerative disorders. Despite the extensive research done in the last decades, the mechanisms by which mitochondrial dysfunction leads to neuronal deregulation and cell death have not yet been fully elucidated. Brain cells are specifically dependent on mitochondria due to their high energy demands to maintain neuronal ion gradients and signal transduction, and also, to mediate neuronal health through the processes of mitochondrial calcium homeostasis, mitophagy, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production and mitochondrial dynamics. Some of these processes have been independently implicated in the mechanism of neuronal loss in neurodegeneration. Moreover, it is increasingly recognised that these processes are interdependent and interact within the mitochondria to ensure proper neuronal function and survival.

Type: Article
Title: Mitochondrial dysfunction and energy deprivation in the mechanism of neurodegeneration
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1515/tjb-2019-0255
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1515/tjb-2019-0255
Language: English
Additional information: This version is the version of record. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions.
Keywords: Neuron; Mitochondria; Neurodegeneration; Energy deprivation; Astrocyte
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology > Clinical and Movement Neurosciences
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10086629
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