Thijssen, DHJ;
Bruno, RM;
van Mil, ACCM;
Holder, SM;
Faita, F;
Greyling, A;
Zock, PL;
... Ghiadoni, L; + view all
(2019)
Expert consensus and evidence-based recommendations for the assessment of flow-mediated dilation in humans.
European Heart Journal
, 40
(30)
pp. 2534-2547.
10.1093/eurheartj/ehz350.
Preview |
Text
Deanfield FMD Guidelines_EHJ R2_V1_clean_RMB_LG_dt.pdf - Accepted Version Download (537kB) | Preview |
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is involved in the development of atherosclerosis, which precedes asymptomatic structural vascular alterations as well as clinical manifestations of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Endothelial function can be assessed non-invasively using the flow-mediated dilation (FMD) technique. Flow-mediated dilation represents an endothelium-dependent, largely nitric oxide (NO)-mediated dilatation of conduit arteries in response to an imposed increase in blood flow and shear stress. Flow-mediated dilation is affected by cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, relates to coronary artery endothelial function, and independently predicts CVD outcome. Accordingly, FMD is a tool for examining the pathophysiology of CVD and possibly identifying subjects at increased risk for future CV events. Moreover, it has merit in examining the acute and long-term impact of physiological and pharmacological interventions in humans. Despite concerns about its reproducibility, the available evidence shows that highly reliable FMD measurements can be achieved when specialized laboratories follow standardized protocols. For this purpose, updated expert consensus guidelines for the performance of FMD are presented, which are based on critical appraisal of novel technical approaches, development of analysis software, and studies exploring the physiological principles underlying the technique. Uniformity in FMD performance will (i) improve comparability between studies, (ii) contribute to construction of reference values, and (iii) offer an easy accessible and early marker of atherosclerosis that could complement clinical symptoms of structural arterial disease and facilitate early diagnosis and prediction of CVD outcomes.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Expert consensus and evidence-based recommendations for the assessment of flow-mediated dilation in humans |
| Location: | England |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz350 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehz350 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. |
| Keywords: | flow-mediated dilation, methodology, cardiovascular disease, brachial artery, vascular function |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Cardiovascular Science UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Cardiovascular Science > Clinical Science |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10081635 |
Archive Staff Only
 |
View Item |
