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Targeting Mitochondrial Fission Using Mdivi-1 in A Clinically Relevant Large Animal Model of Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Pilot Study

Ong, S-B; Kwek, X-Y; Katwadi, K; Hernandez-Resendiz, S; Crespo-Avilan, GE; Ismail, NI; Lin, Y-H; ... Hausenloy, DJ; + view all (2019) Targeting Mitochondrial Fission Using Mdivi-1 in A Clinically Relevant Large Animal Model of Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Pilot Study. International Journal of Molecular Sciences , 20 (16) , Article 3972. 10.3390/ijms20163972. Green open access

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: New treatments are needed to reduce myocardial infarct size (MI) and prevent heart failure (HF) following acute myocardial infarction (AMI), which are the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Studies in rodent AMI models showed that genetic and pharmacological inhibition of mitochondrial fission, induced by acute ischemia and reperfusion, reduced MI size. Whether targeting mitochondrial fission at the onset of reperfusion is also cardioprotective in a clinically-relevant large animal AMI model remains to be determined. METHODS: Adult pigs (30–40 kg) were subjected to closed-chest 90-min left anterior descending artery ischemia followed by 72 h of reperfusion and were randomized to receive an intracoronary bolus of either mdivi-1 (1.2 mg/kg, a small molecule inhibitor of the mitochondrial fission protein, Drp1) or vehicle control, 10-min prior to reperfusion. The left ventricular (LV) size and function were both assessed by transthoracic echocardiography prior to AMI and after 72 h of reperfusion. MI size and the area-at-risk (AAR) were determined using dual staining with Tetrazolium and Evans blue. Heart samples were collected for histological determination of fibrosis and for electron microscopic analysis of mitochondrial morphology. RESULTS: A total of 14 pigs underwent the treatment protocols (eight control and six mdivi-1). Administration of mdivi-1 immediately prior to the onset of reperfusion did not reduce MI size (MI size as % of AAR: Control 49.2 ± 8.6 vs. mdivi-1 50.5 ± 11.4; p = 0.815) or preserve LV systolic function (LV ejection fraction %: Control 67.5 ± 0.4 vs. mdivi-1 59.6 ± 0.6; p = 0.420), when compared to vehicle control. Similarly, there were no differences in mitochondrial morphology or myocardial fibrosis between mdivi-1 and vehicle control groups. Conclusion: Our pilot study has shown that treatment with mdivi-1 (1.2 mg/kg) at the onset of reperfusion did not reduce MI size or preserve LV function in the clinically-relevant closed-chest pig AMI model. A larger study, testing different doses of mdivi-1 or using a more specific Drp1 inhibitor are required to confirm these findings.

Type: Article
Title: Targeting Mitochondrial Fission Using Mdivi-1 in A Clinically Relevant Large Animal Model of Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Pilot Study
Location: Switzerland
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.3390/ijms20163972
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms20163972
Language: English
Additional information: © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Keywords: Drp1, cardioprotection, ischemia/reperfusion injury, mdivi-1, mitochondrial morphology, pig
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Cardiovascular Science
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Cardiovascular Science > Pre-clinical and Fundamental Science
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10080541
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