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Cognitive outcomes following coronary artery bypass grafting: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 91,829 patients

Greaves, D; Psaltis, PJ; Ross, TJ; Davis, D; Smith, AE; Boord, MS; Keage, HAD; (2019) Cognitive outcomes following coronary artery bypass grafting: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 91,829 patients. International Journal of Cardiology , 289 pp. 43-49. 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.04.065. Green open access

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairments, including delirium, are common after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery, as described in over three decades of research. Our aim was to pool estimates across the literature for the first-time, relative to time (from pre- to post-CABG) and diagnosis (cognitive impairment, delirium and dementia). METHODS: A systematic search of four databases was undertaken. 215 studies incorporating data from 91,829 patients were used to estimate the prevalence of cognitive impairments pre- and post-CABG, including delirium and dementia post-CABG, using random effects meta-analyses. RESULTS: Pre-surgical cognitive impairment was seen in 19% of patients. Post-operatively, cognitive impairment was seen in around 43% of patients acutely; this resolved to 19% at 4-6 months and then increased to 25% of patients between 6-months to 1-year post-operatively. In the long term, between 1 and 5-years post-operatively, cognitive impairment increased and was seen in nearly 40% of patients. Post-operative delirium was apparent in 18% of CABG patients which increased to 24% when a diagnostic instrument was utilized alongside clinical criteria. Dementia was present in 7% of patients 5-7 years post-surgery. CONCLUSION: The results of this meta-analysis demonstrate that cognitive impairment and delirium are major issues in CABG patients which require specific attention. It is imperative that appropriate methods for investigating cognitive impairment, and screening for delirium using a diagnostic instrument, occur in both pre-and post-CABG settings.

Type: Article
Title: Cognitive outcomes following coronary artery bypass grafting: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 91,829 patients
Location: Netherlands
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.04.065
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2019.04.065
Language: English
Additional information: Copyright © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Keywords: Cardiac surgery, Coronary artery bypass grafting surgery, Delirium, Dementia, Post-operative cognitive decline
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Cardiovascular Science
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Cardiovascular Science > Population Science and Experimental Medicine
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Cardiovascular Science > Population Science and Experimental Medicine > MRC Unit for Lifelong Hlth and Ageing
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10075933
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