Ferretti, L;
Mellis, R;
Chitty, LS;
(2019)
Update on the use of exome sequencing in the diagnosis of fetal abnormalities.
European Journal of Medical Genetics
, 62
(8)
, Article 103663. 10.1016/j.ejmg.2019.05.002.
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Abstract
Unexpected fetal abnormalities detected through ultrasound scanning in pregnancy may have a monogenic aetiology but are difficult to diagnose. Next generation sequencing now enables us to sequence fetal exomes, providing increased resolution and broader diagnostic capability compared to traditional cytogenetic prenatal tests, improving the yield and accuracy of diagnoses and allowing better counselling for expectant parents. Here we review published studies of exome sequencing (ES) for prenatal diagnosis over the last 5 years and address important questions for its clinical implementation, including clinical utility, which groups benefit most, and practical and ethical challenges for interpreting and reporting results. We observe that fetal ES substantially improves diagnostic yield relative to cytogenetic techniques. However, diagnostic rates vary widely between studies, largely attributable to differences in case selection. Recently several large studies report variations in diagnostic yield between phenotypic groups, with fetuses with multisystem abnormalities most likely to receive a diagnosis from fetal ES. Challenges for prenatal ES include the limitations of ultrasound-based fetal phenotyping, the need for rapid return of results in pregnancy, and technical limitations compared to whole genome sequencing. We also consider ethical issues around potential secondary findings and variants of uncertain significance and the complex counselling needs these present. Prenatal ES is a valuable tool to diagnose fetal abnormalities and, as it is implemented in the clinic, more large-scale research will serve to further delineate its clinical utility, as well as generating new knowledge about fetal phenotypes and informing guidelines for case selection, reporting results and genetic counselling.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Update on the use of exome sequencing in the diagnosis of fetal abnormalities |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.ejmg.2019.05.002 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmg.2019.05.002 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. |
| Keywords: | Prenatal, Exome sequencing, Fetal structural abnormalities, Monogenic disorders |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL GOS Institute of Child Health UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL GOS Institute of Child Health > Genetics and Genomic Medicine Dept |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074163 |
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