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Transit Oriented Development Policies for Public Transport Funding

Bonvino, Gualtiero; (2019) Transit Oriented Development Policies for Public Transport Funding. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London).

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Abstract

The Transit Oriented Development (TOD) concept entails a tight integration of land use and public transport (Calthorpe, 1993; Bernick and Cervero, 1997; ITDP, 2017) and is considered a powerful policy to produce a more sustainable urban form. However, the funding of the basic component of this policy, usually a rail based public transport infrastructure, is often out of reach because of shrinking public finances. This is in contrast with the value created, in terms of land value, by the process of property development intensification around stations that this policy involves. Different families of “macro, direct and indirect” land policy mechanisms have been invented to recapture this value (Alterman 2012, p. 762), and they are considered promising in TOD areas for the process of land capitalisation of accessibility benefits (Suzuki et al., 2015). However, they present important governance capability challenges (Mathur, 2016) and usually can cover only a small portion of the infrastructure cost, if extensive public land ownership is not involved. In this context, using an integrated theoretical framework, the research explores the difficult cases of Rome and Turin, where the scarcity of financial resources at both national and local level forced local authorities to experiment innovative development-based value capture approaches in the attempt to partially fund a new metro line. In particular, the research examines how planning decisions and land policies applied in TOD areas have been mobilised to fund public transport infrastructure, whether such attempts were effective, and how this development-based funding process can be improved. The research results highlight the extreme complexity of these integrated policies which require exceptional governance capability for a long period of time, during which the projects are exposed to market fluctuations and political instability, and that the Italian land policy framework is still not supportive enough for these strategies.

Type: Thesis (Doctoral)
Qualification: Ph.D
Title: Transit Oriented Development Policies for Public Transport Funding
Event: UCL (University College London)
Language: English
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of the Built Environment
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of the Built Environment > The Bartlett School of Planning
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10072423
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