UCL Discovery
UCL home » Library Services » Electronic resources » UCL Discovery

Characterisation of a type II functionally-deficient variant of alpha-1-antitrypsin discovered in the general population

Laffranchi, M; Elliston, ELK; Gangemi, F; Berardelli, R; Lomas, DA; Irving, JA; Fra, A; (2019) Characterisation of a type II functionally-deficient variant of alpha-1-antitrypsin discovered in the general population. PLoS One , 14 (1) , Article e0206955. 10.1371/journal.pone.0206955. Green open access

[thumbnail of Laffranchi et al. - 2019 - Characterisation of a type II functionally-deficie.pdf]
Preview
Text
Laffranchi et al. - 2019 - Characterisation of a type II functionally-deficie.pdf - Published Version

Download (1MB) | Preview

Abstract

Lung disease in alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) results from dysregulated proteolytic activity, mainly by neutrophil elastase (HNE), in the lung parenchyma. This is the result of a substantial reduction of circulating alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) and the presence in the plasma of inactive polymers of AAT. Moreover, some AAT mutants have reduced intrinsic activity toward HNE, as demonstrated for the common Z mutant, as well as for other rarer variants. Here we report the identification and characterisation of the novel AAT reactive centre loop variant Gly349Arg (p.G373R) present in the ExAC database. This AAT variant is secreted at normal levels in cellular models of AATD but shows a severe reduction in anti-HNE activity. Biochemical and molecular dynamics studies suggest it exhibits unfavourable RCL presentation to cognate proteases and compromised insertion of the RCL into β-sheet A. Identification of a fully dysfunctional AAT mutant that does not show a secretory defect underlines the importance of accurate genotyping of patients with pulmonary AATD manifestations regardless of the presence of normal levels of AAT in the circulation. This subtype of disease is reminiscent of dysfunctional phenotypes in anti-thrombin and C1-inibitor deficiencies so, accordingly, we classify this variant as the first pure functionally-deficient (type II) AATD mutant.

Type: Article
Title: Characterisation of a type II functionally-deficient variant of alpha-1-antitrypsin discovered in the general population
Location: United States
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206955
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0206955
Language: English
Additional information: © 2019 Laffranchi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Medicine
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Medicine > Respiratory Medicine
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > VP: Health
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10065837
Downloads since deposit
81Downloads
Download activity - last month
Download activity - last 12 months
Downloads by country - last 12 months

Archive Staff Only

View Item View Item