O'Donnell, M;
Maclean, M;
Sims, S;
Brownell, M;
Ekuma, O;
Gilbert, R;
(2016)
Entering out-of-home care during childhood: Cumulative incidence study in Canada and Australia.
Child Abuse & Neglect
, 59
pp. 78-87.
10.1016/j.chiabu.2016.07.011.
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Abstract
Cumulative incidence provides a more accurate indicator than annual incidence rates of the number of children who experience out-of-home care during childhood. The study utilises a cohort of all children born in Western Australia (WA) 1994–2005 and Manitoba 1998–2008 using de-identified linked data. Life tables were used to calculate the age-specific cumulative incidence over time and for at-risk groups. Cox regression was used to compare risk factors for entry to care. Manitoba had a larger proportion of children entering care compared to WA (9.4% vs 1.5% by age 12). Over time children entered care at a younger age in both WA (HR = 1.5, CI:1.4–1.5) and Manitoba (HR = 1.5, CI:1.5–1.6). Similar factors were associated with earlier age care entries in both countries including: socioeconomic disadvantage, young maternal age, maternal hospital admissions for mental health issues, substance misuse and assault. Supplementary analysis for WA showed a time trend with young children (<3 years of age) who entered care spending an increasing proportion of their early years in care. Whilst Manitoba had a larger proportion of children entering care, over time in Western Australia children have been entering care at a younger age and spending more time in care. These latter factors contribute to an increased burden on the out-of-home care system. Manitoba had over five times greater cumulative incidence than WA, however risk factors for entry to out-of-home care were consistent in both countries. Knowledge of the risk factors for entry to out-of-home care can inform targeted support and prevention programs.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Entering out-of-home care during childhood: Cumulative incidence study in Canada and Australia |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.chiabu.2016.07.011 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2016.07.011 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. |
| Keywords: | Out-of-home care, Cumulative incidence, Risk factors |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL GOS Institute of Child Health UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > UCL GOS Institute of Child Health > Population, Policy and Practice Dept |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10059408 |
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