Bruce, BR;
Petke, J;
Harman, M;
Barr, ET;
(2019)
Approximate Oracles and Synergy in Software Energy Search Spaces.
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
, 45
(11)
pp. 1150-1169.
10.1109/TSE.2018.2827066.
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Abstract
Reducing the energy consumption of software systems though optimisations techniques such as genetic improvement is gaining interest. However, efficient and effective improvement of software systems requires a better understanding of the code-change search space. One important choice practitioners have is whether to preserve the system & #x0027;s original output or permit approximation with each scenario having its own search space characteristics. When output preservation is a hard constraint, we report that the maximum energy reduction achievable by the modification operators is 2.69% (0.76% on average). By contrast, this figure increases dramatically to 95.60% (33.90% on average) when approximation is permitted, indicating the critical importance of approximate output quality assessment for code optimisation. We investigate synergy, a phenomenon that occurs when simultaneously applied source code modifications produce an effect greater than their individual sum. Our results reveal that 12.0% of all joint code modifications produced such a synergistic effect though 38.5% produce an antagonistic interaction in which simultaneously applied modifications are less effective than when applied individually. This highlights the need for more advanced search-based approaches.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Approximate Oracles and Synergy in Software Energy Search Spaces |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1109/TSE.2018.2827066 |
| Publisher version: | https://doi.org/10.1109/TSE.2018.2827066 |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. |
| Keywords: | search-based software engineering, search space, energy consumption, genetic improvement, synergy, antagonism, oracle, approximation |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Dept of Computer Science |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10048822 |
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