Faralli, AC; Tan, PJ; Latour, M; Rizzano, G; (2018) Finite element analysis of bolted T-stubs undergoing large displacement: a preliminary study. The Open Construction & Building Technology Journal , 12 (Suppl-1) pp. 170-176. 10.2174/1874836801812010170.

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Abstract

To properly assess the robustness of steel Moment Resisting Frames (MRFs), the non-linear response of structural members and connections would need to be quantified. Under the influence of extreme load cases, structural joints are subjected to both material and geometric nonlinearities, known commonly as second-order effects. These effects cannot be disregarded if catenary actions develop in the connecting beam member. The rotational capacity of bolted joints is directly dependent on the deformation capacity of its components in bending which are typically represented by the equivalent T-stub. A T-stub is composed of a single T-section bolted to a support whose stiffness may be equivalent or greater than that of the T-element. To accurately characterise the response of a T-stub undergoing large displacement, the non-linear behaviour of its flange will need to be thoroughly investigated. In the flange, second order effects are caused by the development of axial (or membrane) forces which can be significant for those T-stubs connected to a rigid support. Hitherto, little information exists on the influence of second-order effects on the response of bolted T-stubs and, consequently, there are no existing guidelines on how to include these effects in design. In this paper, we present the results of a parametric investigation, using finite element (FE) analysis, to assess the influence of second-order effects in T-stubs bolted to a rigid support. Both material and geometrical non-linearities were considered since they are known to have a critical impact upon the performance of T-stubs. A benchmark FE model is first generated and validated against experimental data; it is then used to carry out a parametric investigation, by alternately considering and neglecting geometric non-linearity, to identify the geometric configurations that experience significant second order effects. A method to assess the contributions of membrane forces to the overall deformation response of a T-stub is also proposed

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