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The role of secondary outcomes in multivariate meta-analysis

White, IR; Copas, JB; Jackson, D; Riley, RD; (2018) The role of secondary outcomes in multivariate meta-analysis. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series C (Applied Statistics) , 67 (5) pp. 1177-1205. 10.1111/rssc.12274. Green open access

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Abstract

Univariate meta-analysis concerns a single outcome of interest measured across a number of independent studies. However, many research studies will have also measured secondary outcomes. Multivariate meta-analysis allows us to take these secondary outcomes into account and can also include studies where the primary outcome is missing. We define the efficiency E as the variance of the overall estimate from a multivariate meta-analysis relative to the variance of the overall estimate from a univariate meta-analysis. The extra information gained from a multivariate meta-analysis of n studies is then similar to the extra information gained if a univariate meta-analysis of the primary effect had a further n.1 E/=E studies. The variance contribution of a study’s secondary outcomes (its borrowing of strength) can be thought of as a contrast between the variance matrix of the outcomes in that study and the set of variance matrices of all the studies in the meta-analysis. In the bivariate case this is given a simple graphical interpretation as the borrowing-of-strength plot.We discuss how these findings can also be used in the context of random-effects meta-analysis. Our discussion is motivated by a published meta-analysis of 10 antihypertension clinical trials.

Type: Article
Title: The role of secondary outcomes in multivariate meta-analysis
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1111/rssc.12274
Publisher version: https://doi.org/10.1111/rssc.12274
Language: English
Additional information: Copyright © 2018 The Authors Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series C (Applied Statistics) Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the Royal Statistical Society. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Keywords: Multivariate meta-analysis; Borrowing of strength; Multiple outcomes.
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Inst of Clinical Trials and Methodology
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10042138
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