Brown, N;
Lichtblau, D;
Fearn, T;
Strlic, M;
(2017)
Characterisation of 19th and 20th century Chinese paper.
Heritage Science
, 5
, Article 47. 10.1186/s40494-017-0158-x.
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Abstract
The chemical and physical properties of 19th and 20th century Chinese papers were investigated using a variety of material characterisation methods. A reference collection of 178 Chinese papers, dating from 1799 to 1990 was used, and properties such as pH, degree of polymerisation (DP), lignin content, and tensile strength (zero-span) were determined. Most of the papers were of approximately neutral pH, had a low lignin content and DP similar to pre-19th century European rag paper. It was found that the high inhomogeneity and the typical paper thinness affected tensile testing and as a result, a modified method for zero-span tensile strength test was developed. Using near infrared spectroscopy (NIR), proof-of-concept partial least squares (PLS) applications were developed for determination of tensile strength, pH, DP and for dating of the samples. For the latter, using post-1900 papers, the error of cross validation was 13 years. The presence of lignin was modelled using linear discriminant analysis (LDA), where the model could distinguish between high and low lignin content with 88% accuracy. Using one or multiple sheets for transmission NIR spectroscopy led to PLS results of similar quality, which was attributed to material inhomogeneity.
| Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Title: | Characterisation of 19th and 20th century Chinese paper |
| Open access status: | An open access version is available from UCL Discovery |
| DOI: | 10.1186/s40494-017-0158-x |
| Publisher version: | http://doi.org/10.1186/s40494-017-0158-x |
| Language: | English |
| Additional information: | © The Author(s) 2017. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/ publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. |
| Keywords: | Arts & Humanities, Science & Technology, Physical Sciences, Technology, Humanities, Multidisciplinary, Chemistry, Analytical, Materials Science, Multidisciplinary, Spectroscopy, Arts & Humanities - Other Topics, Chemistry, Materials Science, Near infrared spectroscopy, Chemometrics, Non-destructive, Tensile strength, Dating, Conservation, Archives, Libraries, DAMAGE FUNCTION, PART II, SPECTROSCOPY, PERMANENCE |
| UCL classification: | UCL UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Maths and Physical Sciences > Dept of Statistical Science UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of the Built Environment UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of the Built Environment > Bartlett School Env, Energy and Resources |
| URI: | https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10039905 |
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