UCL Discovery
UCL home » Library Services » Electronic resources » UCL Discovery

Impact of Selection Bias on Estimation of Subsequent Event Risk

Hu, Y-J; Schmidt, AF; Dudbridge, F; Holmes, MV; Brophy, JM; Tragante, V; Li, Z; ... Long, Q; + view all (2017) Impact of Selection Bias on Estimation of Subsequent Event Risk. Circulation: Cardiovascular Genetics , 10 (5) , Article e001616. 10.1161/CIRCGENETICS.116.001616. Green open access

[thumbnail of Patel_2017-07-10_ms.pdf]
Preview
Text
Patel_2017-07-10_ms.pdf - Accepted Version

Download (421kB) | Preview
[thumbnail of Patel_2017-07-10_sup.pdf]
Preview
Text
Patel_2017-07-10_sup.pdf - Accepted Version

Download (2MB) | Preview

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Studies of recurrent or subsequent disease events may be susceptible to bias caused by selection of subjects who both experience and survive the primary indexing event. Currently, the magnitude of any selection bias, particularly for subsequent time-to-event analysis in genetic association studies, is unknown. METHODS AND RESULTS: We used empirically inspired simulation studies to explore the impact of selection bias on the marginal hazard ratio for risk of subsequent events among those with established coronary heart disease. The extent of selection bias was determined by the magnitudes of genetic and nongenetic effects on the indexing (first) coronary heart disease event. Unless the genetic hazard ratio was unrealistically large (>1.6 per allele) and assuming the sum of all nongenetic hazard ratios was <10, bias was usually <10% (downward toward the null). Despite the low bias, the probability that a confidence interval included the true effect decreased (undercoverage) with increasing sample size because of increasing precision. Importantly, false-positive rates were not affected by selection bias. CONCLUSIONS: In most empirical settings, selection bias is expected to have a limited impact on genetic effect estimates of subsequent event risk. Nevertheless, because of undercoverage increasing with sample size, most confidence intervals will be over precise (not wide enough). When there is no effect modification by history of coronary heart disease, the false-positive rates of association tests will be close to nominal.

Type: Article
Title: Impact of Selection Bias on Estimation of Subsequent Event Risk
Location: United States
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCGENETICS.116.001616
Publisher version: http://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCGENETICS.116.001616
Language: English
Additional information: © 2017 American Heart Association, Inc. This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions.
Keywords: Alleles, confidence intervals, genetic association studies, risk, sample size, selection bias
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Cardiovascular Science
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Cardiovascular Science > Clinical Science
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Cardiovascular Science > Population Science and Experimental Medicine
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Cardiovascular Science > Population Science and Experimental Medicine > MRC Unit for Lifelong Hlth and Ageing
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Population Health Sciences > Institute of Health Informatics
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10027577
Downloads since deposit
152Downloads
Download activity - last month
Download activity - last 12 months
Downloads by country - last 12 months

Archive Staff Only

View Item View Item