@article{discovery316,
           month = {March},
          volume = {102},
          number = {12},
           pages = {4425--4429},
            year = {2005},
           title = {Genetic analysis reveals the complex structure of HIV-1 transmission within defined risk groups},
         journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America},
        abstract = {We explored the epidemic history of HIV-1 subtype B in the United Kingdom using
statistical methods that infer the population history of pathogens from sampled gene
sequence data. Phylogenetic analysis of HIV-1 pol gene sequences from Britain showed
at least six large transmission chains, indicating a genetically variable, but
epidemiologically homogeneous, epidemic among men having sex with men. Through
coalescent-based analysis we showed that these chains arose through separate
introductions of subtype B strains into the United Kingdom in the early-to-mid 1980s.
After an initial period of exponential growth, the rate of spread generally slowed in the
early 1990s, which is more likely to correlate with behaviour change than with reduced
infectiousness resulting from highly active antiretroviral therapy. Our results provide new
insights into the complexity of HIV-1 epidemics that must be considered when
developing HIV monitoring and prevention initiatives.},
          author = {Hu{\'e}, S. and Pillay, D. and Clewley, J. P. and Pybus, O. G.},
             url = {http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/102/12/4425},
            issn = {1091-6490}
}