?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=The+extent+and+causes+of+illegal+logging%3A+an+analysis+of+a+major+cause+of+tropical+deforestation+in+Indonesia&rft.creator=Palmer%2C+C.&rft.description=This+paper+considers+the+scale+and+underlying+causes+of+recent+high+rates+of+deforestation+in+Indonesia.+Its+extent+during+1997-98+is+analysed+using+a+materials+balance+model%2C+the+results+of+which+demonstrate+the+seriousness+of+the+problem+at+a+time+when+the+Indonesian+economy+was%0D%0Asuffering+the+effects+of+the+Asian+financial+crisis.+The+behaviour+of+the+principal+agents%2C+illegal+loggers%2C+is+discussed+in+the+context+of+market+and+government+failures+and+rent-seeking+or+corruption.+A+culture+of+corruption+originated+at+the+top+of+government+during+the+tenure+of+ex-%0D%0APresident+Suharto%2C+leading+to+market+and+government+failures+in+the+forestry+sector%2C+thus+resulting+in+the+creation+of+high+levels+of+rent.+A+culture+of+corruption+ensures+that+policy+failures+cannot+be+reversed+and%0D%0Amay+lead+to+further+intervention+to+benefit+the+status+quo.+Rent-seeking+behaviour+then+spread+to+all+levels+of+government%2C+via+a+lack+of+good+example+at+the+top%2C+leading+to+the+creation+of+illegal+logging+networks.%0D%0ASince+rent+from+illegal+logging+is+higher+than+that+for+legal+logging%2C+there+is+an+incentive+for+agents+to+ignore+costs+associated+with+sustainable+forest+management.+Illegal+logging%2C+and+hence+inefficient+resource+use%2C+is%0D%0Afurther+encouraged+by+institutional+failures+such+as+weak+enforcement+and+monitoring+capacity%2C+as+well+as+policy+failures+at+the+international+level+too.+Consequently%2C+Indonesia%E2%80%99s+forests+have+been+intensively+deforested%0D%0Afor+perhaps+as+long+as+30+years%2C+with+little+or+no+attention+given+to+sustainable+forest+management.&rft.publisher=Centre+for+Social+and+Economic+Research+on+the+Global+Environment+(CSERGE)&rft.date=2001&rft.type=Working+%2F+discussion+paper&rft.language=eng&rft.source=++++(CSERGE+Working+Papers+).+Centre+for+Social+and+Economic+Research+on+the+Global+Environment+(CSERGE)%3A+London%2C+UK.+(2001)+++++&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery.ucl.ac.uk%2Fid%2Feprint%2F17588%2F1%2F17588.pdf&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery.ucl.ac.uk%2Fid%2Feprint%2F17588%2F&rft.rights=open