eprintid: 1559063 rev_number: 29 eprint_status: archive userid: 608 dir: disk0/01/55/90/63 datestamp: 2017-06-08 19:47:09 lastmod: 2021-12-02 23:07:53 status_changed: 2017-06-28 15:58:18 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Rommel, A-S creators_name: James, S-N creators_name: McLoughlin, G creators_name: Brandeis, D creators_name: Banaschewski, T creators_name: Asherson, P creators_name: Kuntsi, J title: Association of Preterm Birth With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-Like and Wider-Ranging Neurophysiological Impairments of Attention and Inhibition ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: B02 divisions: D14 divisions: GA3 divisions: G17 keywords: ADHD, EEG, event-related potential, neurocognitive impairment, preterm birth note: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ abstract: OBJECTIVE: Preterm birth has been associated with an increased risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-like symptoms and cognitive impairments similar to those seen in ADHD, including attention and inhibitory control difficulties. Yet data on direct comparisons across ADHD and preterm birth on cognitive-neurophysiological measures are limited. METHOD: We directly compared 186 preterm-born adolescents to 69 term-born adolescents with ADHD and 135 term-born controls on cognitive-performance and event-related potential measures associated with attentional and inhibitory processing from a cued continuous performance test (CPT-OX), which we have previously shown to discriminate between the adolescents with ADHD and controls. We aimed to elucidate whether the ADHD-like symptoms and cognitive impairments in preterm-born individuals reflect identical cognitive-neurophysiological impairments in term-born individuals with ADHD. RESULTS: Go-P3 amplitude was reduced, reflecting impaired executive response control, in preterm-born adolescents compared to both controls and adolescents with ADHD. Moreover, in preterm-born adolescents, as in term-born adolescents with ADHD, contingent negative variation amplitude was attenuated, reflecting impairments in response preparation compared to controls. Although the ADHD group showed significantly increased NoGo-P3 amplitude at FCz compared to preterm group, at Cz preterm-born adolescents demonstrated significantly decreased NoGo-P3 amplitude compared to the control group, similar to term-born adolescents with ADHD. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate impairments in response preparation, executive response control, and response inhibition in preterm-born adolescents. Although the response preparation and response inhibition impairments found in preterm-born adolescents overlap with those found in term-born adolescents with ADHD, the preterm group also shows unique impairments, suggesting more wide-ranging impairments in the preterm group compared to the ADHD group. date: 2016-10-24 date_type: published official_url: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2016.10.006 oa_status: green full_text_type: pub pmcid: PMC5196005 language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green article_type_text: Journal Article verified: verified_manual elements_id: 1297704 doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2016.10.006 pii: S0890-8567(16)31854-8 lyricists_name: James, Sarah lyricists_id: SNJAM11 actors_name: James, Sarah actors_name: Stacey, Thomas actors_id: SNJAM11 actors_id: TSSTA20 actors_role: owner actors_role: impersonator full_text_status: public publication: Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry volume: 56 number: 1 pagerange: 40-50 event_location: United States issn: 1527-5418 citation: Rommel, A-S; James, S-N; McLoughlin, G; Brandeis, D; Banaschewski, T; Asherson, P; Kuntsi, J; (2016) Association of Preterm Birth With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-Like and Wider-Ranging Neurophysiological Impairments of Attention and Inhibition. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry , 56 (1) pp. 40-50. 10.1016/j.jaac.2016.10.006 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2016.10.006>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1559063/1/James-S_assoc_of%20preterm%20birth_ADHD.pdf