eprintid: 1557192 rev_number: 23 eprint_status: archive userid: 608 dir: disk0/01/55/71/92 datestamp: 2017-08-25 13:30:48 lastmod: 2021-10-15 22:41:01 status_changed: 2017-08-25 13:30:48 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Zhang, X creators_name: Baudet, BA creators_name: Hu, W creators_name: Xu, Q title: Characterisation of the ultimate particle size distribution of uniform and gap-graded soils ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: B04 divisions: C05 divisions: F44 keywords: Sand, Particle size distribution, Particle shape, Grain crushing, Fractal note: This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. abstract: The ultimate particle size distribution of uniform and gap-graded soils is examined on specimens of carbonate sand that were subjected to large strains in a ring shear apparatus. The gap-graded soils were seen to retain a memory of their initial grading even at large strains. The particle size distributions were plotted in double logarithmic graphs either by mass or by number computed assuming different shapes. It was not possible to find linear subsets of the data, and since the samples were found experimentally to have converged to an ultimate grading, this suggests that the initial bimodal distribution prevented reaching an ultimate fractal distribution. Plots of the probability density functions of the particle sizes before and after shearing show the evolution of the gap-graded soils from a bimodal to a multi-modal distribution. This is accompanied by an evolution of the shape of the particles, visible in microphotographs and projections of the grains before and after test. date: 2017-08 publisher: Japanese Society of Soil Mechanics and Foundation official_url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sandf.2017.04.002 oa_status: green full_text_type: other language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green article_type_text: Article verified: verified_manual elements_id: 1296079 doi: 10.1016/j.sandf.2017.04.002 lyricists_name: Baudet, Beatrice lyricists_id: BABAU30 actors_name: Baudet, Beatrice actors_id: BABAU30 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public publication: Soils and Foundations volume: 57 number: 4 pagerange: 603-618 issn: 0038-0806 citation: Zhang, X; Baudet, BA; Hu, W; Xu, Q; (2017) Characterisation of the ultimate particle size distribution of uniform and gap-graded soils. Soils and Foundations , 57 (4) pp. 603-618. 10.1016/j.sandf.2017.04.002 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sandf.2017.04.002>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1557192/1/SANDF-D-16-00083R2%202017-03-24%20final.pdf