@article{discovery1545215,
           title = {Mutations in mitochondrial DNA causing tubulointerstitial kidney disease},
            year = {2017},
         journal = {PLOS Genetics},
          volume = {13},
          number = {3},
           month = {March},
            note = {{\copyright} 2017 Connor et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.},
             url = {http://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1006620},
          author = {Connor, TM and Hoer, S and Mallett, A and Gale, DP and Gomez-Duran, A and Posse, V and Antrobus, R and Moreno, P and Sciacovelli, M and Frezza, C and Duff, J and Sheerin, NS and Sayer, JA and Ashcroft, M and Wiesener, MS and Hudson, G and Gustafsson, CM and Chinnery, PF and Maxwell, PH},
            issn = {1553-7404},
        abstract = {Tubulointerstitial kidney disease is an important cause of progressive renal failure whose aetiology is incompletely understood. We analysed a large pedigree with maternally inherited tubulointerstitial kidney disease and identified a homoplasmic substitution in the control region of the mitochondrial genome (m.547A{\ensuremath{>}}T). While mutations in mtDNA coding sequence are a well recognised cause of disease affecting multiple organs, mutations in the control region have never been shown to cause disease. Strikingly, our patients did not have classical features of mitochondrial disease. Patient fibroblasts showed reduced levels of mitochondrial tRNAPhe, tRNALeu1 and reduced mitochondrial protein translation and respiration. Mitochondrial transfer demonstrated mitochondrial transmission of the defect and in vitro assays showed reduced activity of the heavy strand promoter. We also identified further kindreds with the same phenotype carrying a homoplasmic mutation in mitochondrial tRNAPhe (m.616T{\ensuremath{>}}C). Thus mutations in mitochondrial DNA can cause maternally inherited renal disease, likely mediated through reduced function of mitochondrial tRNAPhe.}
}