%0 Journal Article %@ 1973-8102 %A Dzieciol, AM %A Bachevalier, J %A Saleem, KS %A Gadian, DG %A Saunders, R %A Chong, WK %A Banks, T %A Mishkin, M %A Vargha-Khadem, F %D 2017 %F discovery:1529542 %J Cortex %K Hippocampus, Hypoxia-ischaemia, Mammillary bodies, Memory, Thalamus %P 33-44 %T Hippocampal and diencephalic pathology in developmental amnesia. %U https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1529542/ %V 86 %X Developmental amnesia (DA) is a selective episodic memory disorder associated with hypoxia-induced bilateral hippocampal atrophy of early onset. Despite the systemic impact of hypoxia-ischaemia, the resulting brain damage was previously reported to be largely limited to the hippocampus. However, the thalamus and the mammillary bodies are parts of the hippocampal-diencephalic network and are therefore also at risk of injury following hypoxic-ischaemic events. Here, we report a neuroimaging investigation of diencephalic damage in a group of 18 patients with DA (age range 11-35 years), and an equal number of controls. Importantly, we uncovered a marked degree of atrophy in the mammillary bodies in two thirds of our patients. In addition, as a group, patients had mildly reduced thalamic volumes. The size of the anterior-mid thalamic (AMT) segment was correlated with patients' visual memory performance. Thus, in addition to the hippocampus, the diencephalic structures also appear to play a role in the patients' memory deficit. %Z © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)