eprintid: 1529248 rev_number: 37 eprint_status: archive userid: 608 dir: disk0/01/52/92/48 datestamp: 2016-11-23 15:10:21 lastmod: 2021-12-06 00:58:18 status_changed: 2017-04-05 15:31:52 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Georgiou, R creators_name: Eaton, SJ creators_name: Stanton, M creators_name: Pierro, A creators_name: Hall, N title: Efficacy and safety of non-operative treatment for acute appendicitis: a meta-analysis ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: B02 divisions: D13 divisions: G22 abstract: CONTEXT: Non-operative treatment (NOT) with antibiotics alone of acute uncomplicated appendicitis (AUA) in children has been proposed as an alternative to appendicectomy. OBJECTIVE: To determine safety and efficacy of NOT based on current literature. DATA SOURCES: Three electronic databases. STUDY SELECTION: All articles reporting NOT for AUA in children. DATA EXTRACTION: Two reviewers independently verified study inclusion and extracted data. RESULTS: Ten articles reporting 413 children receiving NOT were included. Six, including one RCT, compared NOT with appendicectomy. The remaining four reported outcomes of children receiving NOT without a comparison group. NOT was effective as the initial treatment in 97% of children (95%CI 96, 99). Initial length of hospital stay was shorter in children treated with appendectomy compared to NOT (mean difference 0.5 days [95%CI 0.2, 0.8]; p=0.002). At final reported follow-up (range 8 weeks – 4 years), NOT remained effective (no appendicectomy performed) in 79% of children (95%CI 73, 86%). Recurrent appendicitis occurred in 14% (95%CI 7, 21). Complications, and total length of hospital stay during follow-up were similar for NOT and appendicectomy. No serious adverse events related to NOT were reported. LIMITATIONS: The lack of prospective randomised studies limits definitive conclusions to influence clinical practice. CONCLUSIONS: Current data suggest that NOT is safe. It appears effective as initial treatment in 97% of children with AUA and the rate of recurrent appendicitis is 14%. Longer term clinical outcomes and cost effectiveness of NOT compared to appendicectomy require further evaluation, preferably as large randomised trials to reliably inform decision making. date: 2017-02-17 date_type: published publisher: American Academy of Pediatrics official_url: http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-3003 oa_status: green full_text_type: other language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green verified: verified_manual elements_id: 1192453 doi: 10.1542/peds.2016-3003 lyricists_name: Eaton, Simon lyricists_name: Pierro, Agostino lyricists_id: SEATO65 lyricists_id: APIER04 actors_name: Eaton, Simon actors_id: SEATO65 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public publication: Pediatrics volume: 139 number: 3 article_number: e 20163003 issn: 0031-4005 citation: Georgiou, R; Eaton, SJ; Stanton, M; Pierro, A; Hall, N; (2017) Efficacy and safety of non-operative treatment for acute appendicitis: a meta-analysis. Pediatrics , 139 (3) , Article e 20163003. 10.1542/peds.2016-3003 <https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2016-3003>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1529248/1/Manuscript%20Pediatrics%20R1_with_figures.pdf