eprintid: 1508234
rev_number: 43
eprint_status: archive
userid: 608
dir: disk0/01/50/82/34
datestamp: 2016-12-13 13:13:17
lastmod: 2021-09-29 22:19:07
status_changed: 2017-01-26 15:12:23
type: article
metadata_visibility: show
creators_name: Yates, LA
creators_name: Ziser, S
creators_name: Spector, A
creators_name: Orrell, M
title: Cognitive leisure activities and future risk of cognitive impairment and dementia: systematic review and meta-analysis
ispublished: pub
divisions: UCL
divisions: B02
divisions: C07
divisions: D05
divisions: F66
divisions: D79
keywords: Cognitive activity, cognitive impairment, cognitive reserve, dementia, leisure activities, risk factors
note: © International Psychogeriatric Association 2016
abstract: BACKGROUND: As life expectancies continue to rise, modifiable lifestyle factors that may prevent cognitive decline and dementia in later life become increasingly important in order to maintain quality of life in old age. METHODS: Five meta-analyses were conducted on data from papers identified in a systematic review. Studies were grouped according to outcomes (dementia, cognitive impairment including amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI), Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), and cognitive decline) and output (risk (RR), odds (OR), or hazard ratios (HR)). RESULTS: Nineteen studies met our inclusion criteria and quality assessments. Four of five meta-analyses showed significant associations between participation in cognitive leisure activities and reduced risk of cognitive impairment (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.56-0.85) and dementia (HR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.46-0.74; RR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.42-0.90; OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.67-0.90). However, one pooled analysis of cognitive impairment studies did not reach significance (HR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.71-1.02). Mentally stimulating leisure activities were significantly associated with later life cognition (β = 0.11, p = 0.05), better memory (β = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.11-0.29), speed of processing (β = 0.37, 95% CI: 0.29-0.45), and executive functioning (β = 0.23, 95% CI: 0.15-0.29), and less decline in overall cognition (β = -0.23, p < 0.01), language (β = -0.11, p < 0.05), and executive functioning (β = -0.13, p < 0.05). Activities were also shown to reduce rate of cognitive decline (estimate = 0.03, SE = 0.01, p = 0.00). CONCLUSIONS: There is increasing evidence that participation in cognitively stimulating leisure activities may contribute to a reduction of risk of dementia and cognitive impairment in later life. Promoting involvement in such activities across lifespan could be an important focus for primary prevention strategies for governments and health services.
date: 2016-11
date_type: published
official_url: http://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610216001137
oa_status: green
language: eng
primo: open
primo_central: open_green
article_type_text: Journal Article
verified: verified_manual
elements_id: 1148841
doi: 10.1017/S1041610216001137
pii: S1041610216001137
lyricists_name: Orrell, Martin William
lyricists_name: Spector, Aimee
lyricists_name: Yates, Lauren
lyricists_id: MWORR48
lyricists_id: AESPE69
lyricists_id: LAYAT67
actors_name: Spector, Aimee
actors_id: AESPE69
actors_role: owner
full_text_status: public
publication: International Psychogeriatrics
volume: 28
number: 11
pagerange: 1791-1806
event_location: England
issn: 1741-203X
citation:        Yates, LA;    Ziser, S;    Spector, A;    Orrell, M;      (2016)    Cognitive leisure activities and future risk of cognitive impairment and dementia: systematic review and meta-analysis.                   International Psychogeriatrics , 28  (11)   pp. 1791-1806.    10.1017/S1041610216001137 <https://doi.org/10.1017/S1041610216001137>.       Green open access   
 
document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1508234/1/Spector_Cognitive%20leisure%20activities%20and%20future%20risk%20of%20cognitive%20impairment%20and%20dementia%20FINAL.pdf