eprintid: 1481113 rev_number: 27 eprint_status: archive userid: 608 dir: disk0/01/48/11/13 datestamp: 2016-04-17 13:42:08 lastmod: 2021-10-15 23:00:55 status_changed: 2016-04-21 14:46:24 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Huys, QJ creators_name: Gölzer, M creators_name: Friedel, E creators_name: Heinz, A creators_name: Cools, R creators_name: Dayan, P creators_name: Dolan, RJ title: The specificity of Pavlovian regulation is associated with recovery from depression ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: B02 divisions: C07 divisions: D79 divisions: D07 divisions: F83 divisions: C08 keywords: Decision-making, Pavlovian-instrumental transfer, emotional reactions, major depressive disorder note: Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2016 This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. abstract: BACKGROUND: Changes in reflexive emotional responses are hallmarks of depression, but how emotional reflexes make an impact on adaptive decision-making in depression has not been examined formally. Using a Pavlovian-instrumental transfer (PIT) task, we compared the influence of affectively valenced stimuli on decision-making in depression and generalized anxiety disorder compared with healthy controls; and related this to the longitudinal course of the illness. METHOD: A total of 40 subjects with a current DSM-IV-TR diagnosis of major depressive disorder, dysthymia, generalized anxiety disorder, or a combination thereof, and 40 matched healthy controls performed a PIT task that assesses how instrumental approach and withdrawal behaviours are influenced by appetitive and aversive Pavlovian conditioned stimuli (CSs). Patients were followed up after 4-6 months. Analyses focused on patients with depression alone (n = 25). RESULTS: In healthy controls, Pavlovian CSs exerted action-specific effects, with appetitive CSs boosting active approach and aversive CSs active withdrawal. This action-specificity was absent in currently depressed subjects. Greater action-specificity in patients was associated with better recovery over the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: Depression is associated with an abnormal influence of emotional reactions on decision-making in a way that may predict recovery. date: 2016-04 date_type: published official_url: http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291715002597 oa_status: green full_text_type: pub language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green article_type_text: Journal Article verified: verified_manual elements_id: 1110006 doi: 10.1017/S0033291715002597 pii: S0033291715002597 language_elements: eng lyricists_name: Dayan, Peter lyricists_name: Dolan, Raymond lyricists_name: Huys, Quentin lyricists_id: PDAYA65 lyricists_id: RJDOL46 lyricists_id: QHUYS49 actors_name: Barczynska, Patrycja actors_id: PBARC91 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public publication: Psychological Medicine volume: 46 number: 5 pagerange: 1027-1035 event_location: England issn: 1469-8978 citation: Huys, QJ; Gölzer, M; Friedel, E; Heinz, A; Cools, R; Dayan, P; Dolan, RJ; (2016) The specificity of Pavlovian regulation is associated with recovery from depression. Psychological Medicine , 46 (5) pp. 1027-1035. 10.1017/S0033291715002597 <https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291715002597>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1481113/1/S0033291715002597a.pdf