TY - JOUR Y1 - 2015/11// AV - public EP - 322 TI - Repurposing Metformin: An old drug with new tricks in its binding pockets PB - Portland Press N2 - Improvements in healthcare and nutrition have generated remarkable increases in life expectancy worldwide. This is one of the greatest achievements of the modern world yet it also presents a grave challenge: as more people survive into later life, more also experience the diseases of old age, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer. Developing new ways to improve health in the elderly is therefore a top priority for biomedical research. Whilst our understanding of the molecular basis of these morbidities has advanced rapidly, effective novel treatments are still lacking. Alternative drug development strategies are now being explored such as the repurposing of existing drugs used to treat other diseases. This can save a considerable amount of time and money since the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and safety profiles of these drugs are already established, effectively enabling preclinical studies to be bypassed. Metformin is one such drug currently being investigated for novel applications. This review provides a thorough and detailed account of our current understanding of the molecular pharmacology and signalling mechanisms underlying biguanide-protein interactions. It also focuses on the key role of the microbiota in regulating age-associated morbidities and a potential role for metformin to modulate its function. Research in this area holds the key to solving many of the mysteries of our current understanding of drug action and concerted effects to provide sustained and long-life health. ID - discovery1471557 KW - Metformin KW - Phenformin KW - Biguanides KW - Type2 diabetes KW - Cancer KW - Ageing KW - Microbiota KW - Cardiovascular disease VL - 471 SP - 307 IS - 3 N1 - This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher?s terms and conditions. UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BJ20150497 SN - 1470-8728 A1 - Pryor, R A1 - Cabreiro, F JF - Biochemical Journal ER -