TY  - JOUR
SP  - 155
VL  - 490
IS  - 1-2
N1  - Pre-print version
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.05.050
SN  - 1873-3476
A1  - Luo, L
A1  - Lane, ME
JF  - International Journal of Pharmaceutics
AV  - public
Y1  - 2015/05/21/
EP  - 164
TI  - Topical and transdermal delivery of caffeine.
N2  - Caffeine is administered topically and transdermally for a variety of pharmaceutical and cosmetic applications and it is also used as a model hydrophilic compound in dermal risk assessment studies. This review considers the physicochemical and permeation properties of caffeine with reference to its delivery to and through the skin. Since it has been used as a model compound the findings have implications for the delivery of many hydrophilic compounds having similar properties. Various passive and active formulation strategies to promote enhanced skin permeation of caffeine are considered. Models to study percutaneous caffeine penetration are also discussed in detail.
ID  - discovery1470018
KW  - Caffeine
KW  -  Formulation
KW  -  Permeation
KW  -  Topical
KW  -  Transdermal
ER  -