TY  - JOUR
SN  - 0003-9888
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2012-303348
ID  - discovery1468929
N2  - Worldwide, more than 3 million children are infected with HIV and, without treatment, mortality among these children is extremely high. Both acute and chronic malnutrition are major problems for HIV-positive children living in resource-limited settings. Malnutrition on a background of HIV represents a separate clinical entity, with unique medical and social aetiological factors. Children with HIV have a higher daily calorie requirement than HIV-negative peers and also a higher requirement for micronutrients; furthermore, coinfection and chronic diarrhoea due to HIV enteropathy play a major role in HIV-associated malnutrition. Contributory factors include late presentation to medical services, unavailability of antiretroviral therapy, other issues surrounding healthcare provision and food insecurity in HIV-positive households. Treatment protocols for malnutrition have been greatly improved, yet there remains a discrepancy in mortality between HIV-positive and HIV-negative children. In this review, the aetiology, prevention and treatment of malnutrition in HIV-positive children are examined, with particular focus on resource-limited settings where this problem is most prevalent. © 2014 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd & Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health.
A1  - Rose, AM
A1  - Hall, CS
A1  - Martinez-Alier, N
JF  - Archives of Disease in Childhood
EP  -  551
VL  - 99
AV  - public
Y1  - 2014/01/09/
SP  - 546
TI  - Aetiology and management of malnutrition in HIV-positive children
N1  - This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 3.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/
IS  - 6
ER  -