eprintid: 1463998 rev_number: 24 eprint_status: archive userid: 608 dir: disk0/01/46/39/98 datestamp: 2015-03-20 20:10:59 lastmod: 2020-02-12 17:25:12 status_changed: 2015-11-04 16:51:50 type: report metadata_visibility: show item_issues_count: 0 creators_name: Danezis, G creators_name: Domingo-Ferrer, J creators_name: Hansen, M creators_name: Hoepman, JH creators_name: Metayer, DL creators_name: Tirtea, R creators_name: Schiffner, S title: Privacy and Data Protection by Design - from policy to engineering ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: A01 divisions: B04 divisions: C05 divisions: F48 keywords: personal data, data processing, protection of privacy, digital technology, data protection, risk prevention, European Network and Information Security Agency, product design, artistic creation, technological process note: © European Union Agency for Network and Information Security (ENISA), 2014. Reproduction is authorised provided the source is acknowledged. abstract: Privacy and data protection constitute core values of individuals and of democratic societies. There have been decades of debate on how those values -and legal obligations- can be embedded into systems, preferably from the very beginning of the design process. One important element in this endeavour are technical mechanisms, known as privacy-enhancing technologies (PETs). Their effectiveness has been demonstrated by researchers and in pilot implementations. However, apart from a few exceptions, e.g., encryption became widely used, PETs have not become a standard and widely used component in system design. Furthermore, for unfolding their full benefit for privacy and data protection, PETs need to be rooted in a data governance strategy to be applied in practice. This report contributes to bridging the gap between the legal framework and the available technological implementation measures by providing an inventory of existing approaches, privacy design strategies, and technical building blocks of various degrees of maturity from research and development. Starting from the privacy principles of the legislation, important elements are presented as a first step towards a design process for privacy-friendly systems and services. The report sketches a method to map legal obligations to design strategies, which allow the system designer to select appropriate techniques for implementing the identified privacy requirements. Furthermore, the report reflects limitations of the approach. It concludes with recommendations on how to overcome and mitigate these limits. date: 2014-12 publisher: European Union Agency for Network and Information Security (ENISA) official_url: http://dx.doi.org/10.2824/38623 vfaculties: VENG oa_status: green full_text_type: pub language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green verified: verified_manual elements_source: arXiv elements_id: 1010339 doi: 10.2824/38623 isbn_13: 9789292041083 lyricists_name: Danezis, Georges lyricists_id: GDANE23 full_text_status: public place_of_pub: Heraklion, Greece pages: 72 citation: Danezis, G; Domingo-Ferrer, J; Hansen, M; Hoepman, JH; Metayer, DL; Tirtea, R; Schiffner, S; (2014) Privacy and Data Protection by Design - from policy to engineering. European Union Agency for Network and Information Security (ENISA): Heraklion, Greece. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1463998/1/Danezis_1501.03726v2.pdf