eprintid: 1400667 rev_number: 43 eprint_status: archive userid: 608 dir: disk0/01/40/06/67 datestamp: 2013-07-30 18:45:22 lastmod: 2021-02-03 23:40:37 status_changed: 2017-05-15 09:55:20 type: article metadata_visibility: show item_issues_count: 0 creators_name: Krumhuber, E creators_name: Scherer, KR title: Affect bursts: Dynamic patterns of facial expression ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: A01 divisions: B02 divisions: C07 divisions: D05 divisions: F67 keywords: emotion, facial expression, affect burst note: This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. abstract: [Correction Notice: An erratum for this article was reported in Vol 11(4) of Emotion (see record 2011-18271-001). There were several errors in Table 1, and in Table 4 spaces were omitted from the rows between data for anger, fear, sadness, joy, and relief. All versions of this article have been corrected, and the corrections to Table 1 are provided in the erratum.]Affect bursts consist of spontaneous and short emotional expressions in which facial, vocal, and gestural components are highly synchronized. Although the vocal characteristics have been examined in several recent studies, the facial modality remains largely unexplored. This study investigated the facial correlates of affect bursts that expressed five different emotions: anger, fear, sadness, joy, and relief. Detailed analysis of 59 facial actions with the Facial Action Coding System revealed a reasonable degree of emotion differentiation for individual action units (AUs). However, less convergence was shown for specific AU combinations for a limited number of prototypes. Moreover, expression of facial actions peaked in a cumulative-sequential fashion with significant differences in their sequential appearance between emotions. When testing for the classification of facial expressions within a dimensional approach, facial actions differed significantly as a function of the valence and arousal level of the five emotions, thereby allowing further distinction between joy and relief. The findings cast doubt on the existence of fixed patterns of facial responses for each emotion, resulting in unique facial prototypes. Rather, the results suggest that each emotion can be portrayed by several different expressions that share multiple facial actions. date: 2011-08 official_url: http://doi.org/10.1037/a0023856 vfaculties: VFBRS oa_status: green full_text_type: other language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green verified: verified_manual elements_source: Manually entered elements_id: 891689 doi: 10.1037/a0023856 medium: 4 publication_declined: 2021-01-28T23:33:35GMT lyricists_name: Krumhuber, Eva lyricists_id: EKRUM74 full_text_status: public publication: Emotion volume: 11 number: 4 pagerange: 825-841 citation: Krumhuber, E; Scherer, KR; (2011) Affect bursts: Dynamic patterns of facial expression. Emotion , 11 (4) pp. 825-841. 10.1037/a0023856 <https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023856>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1400667/1/Krumhuber_EGKrumhuber.pdf