%0 Thesis
%9 Masters
%A Marks, K.A.
%B Institute of Archaeology
%D 2012
%F discovery:1346467
%I UCL (University College London)
%P 423
%T The archaeology of Anglo-Jewry in England and Wales  1656-c.1880 AD
%U https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1346467/
%X This thesis considers the archaeological and topographical evidence of Anglo-  Jewry in England and Wales from re-admission in 1656 to c.1880 using the  evidence of cemeteries, synagogues, mikvaot (ritual baths), place-names, artefacts  and written sources  The largest Jewish community has always been in London with around two  thirds of the total at any one time. From c.1740, itinerant peddlers formed the first  provincial communities, and by c.1815, 24 communities had been established in  the provinces, of which 17 were in ports, such as Chatham, Falmouth and  Liverpool. Following the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815, many of the  smaller port communities declined and moved to London, Birmingham,  Manchester and elsewhere, including Bristol, Leeds and Newcastle. While  defunct communities left cemeteries and synagogue buildings, they took ritual  objects with them or passed them onto new congregations. Evidence from London  and 35 provincial towns represents over 80% of the Jewish population in 1850  and is examined in this thesis.  The density and location of synagogues changed over time. Orthodox Jews  must live within walking distance of their synagogues, and thus population  distribution and change had a clear physical impact on urban topography. This  thesis brings this information together in a unified study and concludes with an  appraisal of the key findings in a wider cultural and social perspective in the  period ending c.1880. Suggestions for future research are offered.