%0 Thesis
%9 Doctoral
%A Carlqvist, K.H.
%B UCL Eastman Dental Institute
%D 2011
%F discovery:1301768
%I UCL (University College London)
%P 237
%T The potential of muscle-derived progenitors on titanium scaffolds in bone regenerative applications
%U https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1301768/
%X Muscle-derived cells (MDCs) are a heterogeneous population consisting of cells that can  undergo myogenic differentiation; however, it has emerged that not all MDCs are restricted  to the myogenic lineage. This discovery may have many implications; for example, MDCs  may be a suitable alternative source of osteogenic cells for bone repair. The currently  accepted treatment for bone repair, bone grafting, is often associated with small amount of  obtainable bone. Much of the work published regarding the differential potential of MDCs  has not, to date, focused on the osteogenic pathway and even fewer studies have been  performed on human cells. In this thesis osteogenic MDCs were isolated by differential  adhesion to fibronectin (Fn) i.e. MDCsFn and compared with mesenchymal stem cells  (MSCs) in relation to their osteogenic potential. The osteogenic potential was assessed by  measuring mineralization and relevant gene- and protein- expression. MSCs and MDCsFn  had a similar pattern of ALP activity and expression. Furthermore, MSCs and MDCsFn  both showed mineralization after 3 weeks measured by Alizarin Red S. A qPCR Array  measuring the activity of 46 osteogenic genes also showed similarities in gene expression  between the two cell types; however, the MSCs showed a more consistent pattern between  patients, compared to MDCsFn. Titanium (Ti) has previously been used as a bone repair  scaffold in humans due to its osteoconductivity. The interaction between Ti, of various  roughness and hydrophilicity, and the two cell types, i.e. MSCs and MDCsFn, were  assessed with relation to biocompatibility. Interestingly, the hydrophilic, rough surface,  which has been described as superior in bone formation applications, showed higher levels  of cell death, both apoptosis and necrosis, compared to the other tested surfaces for both  cell types. In conclusion, due to the similarities between MDCsFn and MSCs there might  be possibilities to use the osteogenic fraction in future bone regenerative applications.