eprintid: 10206242 rev_number: 10 eprint_status: archive userid: 699 dir: disk0/10/20/62/42 datestamp: 2025-03-19 09:12:20 lastmod: 2025-03-19 09:13:32 status_changed: 2025-03-19 09:12:20 type: article metadata_visibility: show sword_depositor: 699 creators_name: Checkley, William creators_name: Yang, Mingling creators_name: Robertson, Nicole M creators_name: Sharma, Arun K creators_name: Chandyo, Ram K creators_name: Shrestha, Laxman creators_name: Das, Santa K creators_name: Kirenga, Bruce creators_name: Alupo, Patricia creators_name: Gianella, Gonzalo creators_name: Siddharthan, Trishul creators_name: Pollard, Suzanne L creators_name: Quaderi, Shumonta creators_name: Rykiel, Natalie creators_name: Flores-Flores, Oscar creators_name: Hurst, John R creators_name: Wise, Robert A creators_name: Global Excellence in COPD outcomes (GECo) study investigators, title: Population-based Screening for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Using the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire in Resource-limited Settings ispublished: inpress divisions: UCL divisions: B02 divisions: C10 divisions: D17 divisions: K71 keywords: COPD; Diagnosis; Low- and Middle-Income Countries note: This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. abstract: Rationale: Spirometry, while necessary for the diagnosis of COPD, remains a scarce and costly resource worldwide. Screening questionnaires may help to bridge the diagnostic gap. Objectives: We evaluated the performance of the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) as a screening tool using spirometry-confirmed COPD as a gold standard. Methods: We screened adults aged ≥40 years for COPD in Bhaktapur, Nepal; Lima, Peru; and Nakaseke, Uganda. Participants completed SGRQs and pre-bronchodilator peak expiratory flow (PEF). We defined COPD as a post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC Z-score < -1.645, evaluated the discriminative performance of the SGRQ using receiver operating characteristic curves, and identified the best threshold to screen for spirometry-confirmed COPD. Results: We screened 10709 participants (mean age 56.3 years, 49.7% males, 15.4% current smokers). After exclusion for missing data and implausible values, we analyzed data of 10008 participants (94%). Prevalence of spirometry-confirmed COPD was 9.5%; mean (±SD) total SGRQ score was 7.9±11.9 points, and 20.3±19.4 points in participants with COPD and 6.6±9.9 points in those without COPD. The area-under-the-curve (AUC) for SGRQ as a screening tool for COPD was 0.77 (95% CI 0.75-0.79) and the best threshold was 10.75 points. When the SGRQ was combined with pre-bronchodilator PEF stratified by sex, the AUC increased to 0.84 (95% CI 0.82-0.85). A screening test that combined a total SGRQ score ≥12 points and/or pre-bronchodilator PEF <400 L/min for men and <250 L/min for women yielded a sensitivity of 91%, a specificity of 47% and negative predictive value of 98% to identify spirometry-confirmed COPD. Conclusions: SGRQ is an alternative screening tool for spirometry-confirmed COPD. Screening with the SGRQ in combination with PEF may help to identify people at-risk for COPD in resource-limited settings where spirometry is not readily available. date: 2025-03-11 date_type: published publisher: American Thoracic Society official_url: https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.202409-1862oc full_text_type: other language: eng verified: verified_manual elements_id: 2371166 doi: 10.1164/rccm.202409-1862OC medium: Print-Electronic lyricists_name: Hurst, John lyricists_id: JHURS15 actors_name: Hurst, John actors_id: JHURS15 actors_role: owner full_text_status: restricted publication: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine event_location: United States issn: 1073-449X citation: Checkley, William; Yang, Mingling; Robertson, Nicole M; Sharma, Arun K; Chandyo, Ram K; Shrestha, Laxman; Das, Santa K; ... Global Excellence in COPD outcomes (GECo) study investigators; + view all <#> Checkley, William; Yang, Mingling; Robertson, Nicole M; Sharma, Arun K; Chandyo, Ram K; Shrestha, Laxman; Das, Santa K; Kirenga, Bruce; Alupo, Patricia; Gianella, Gonzalo; Siddharthan, Trishul; Pollard, Suzanne L; Quaderi, Shumonta; Rykiel, Natalie; Flores-Flores, Oscar; Hurst, John R; Wise, Robert A; Global Excellence in COPD outcomes (GECo) study investigators; - view fewer <#> (2025) Population-based Screening for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Using the St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire in Resource-limited Settings. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 10.1164/rccm.202409-1862OC <https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.202409-1862OC>. (In press). document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10206242/1/Hurst_SGRQ_1-16-25_track_changes.pdf