eprintid: 10205883 rev_number: 9 eprint_status: archive userid: 699 dir: disk0/10/20/58/83 datestamp: 2025-03-11 10:47:49 lastmod: 2025-03-11 10:47:49 status_changed: 2025-03-11 10:47:49 type: article metadata_visibility: show sword_depositor: 699 creators_name: Zhu, Zhuoting creators_name: Wang, Yueye creators_name: Qi, Ziyi creators_name: Hu, Wenyi creators_name: Zhang, Xiayin creators_name: Wagner, Siegfried K creators_name: Wang, Yujie creators_name: Ran, An Ran creators_name: Ong, Joshua creators_name: Waisberg, Ethan creators_name: Masalkhi, Mouayad creators_name: Suh, Alex creators_name: Tham, Yih Chung creators_name: Cheung, Carol Y creators_name: Yang, Xiaohong creators_name: Yu, Honghua creators_name: Ge, Zongyuan creators_name: Wang, Wei creators_name: Sheng, Bin creators_name: Liu, Yun creators_name: Lee, Andrew G creators_name: Denniston, Alastair K creators_name: Wijngaarden, Peter van creators_name: Keane, Pearse A creators_name: Cheng, Ching-Yu creators_name: He, Mingguang creators_name: Wong, Tien Yin title: Oculomics: Current Concepts and Evidence ispublished: inpress divisions: UCL divisions: B02 divisions: C07 divisions: D08 keywords: Artificial intelligence, Big data, Disease detection, Disease prediction, Oculomics, Retinal imaging, Systemic diseases note: © The Author(s), 2025. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ abstract: The eye provides novel insights into general health, as well as pathogenesis and development of systemic diseases. In the past decade, growing evidence has demonstrated that the eye's structure and function mirror multiple systemic health conditions, especially in cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and kidney impairments. This has given rise to the field of oculomics- the application of ophthalmic biomarkers to understand mechanisms, detect and predict disease. The development of this field has been accelerated by three major advances: 1) the availability and widespread clinical adoption of high-resolution and non-invasive ophthalmic imaging (“hardware”); 2) the availability of large studies to interrogate associations (“big data”); 3) the development of novel analytical methods, including artificial intelligence (AI) (“software”). Oculomics offers an opportunity to enhance our understanding of the interplay between the eye and the body, while supporting development of innovative diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tools. These advances have been further accelerated by developments in AI, coupled with large-scale linkage datasets linking ocular imaging data with systemic health data. Oculomics also enables the detection, screening, diagnosis, and monitoring of many systemic health conditions. Furthermore, oculomics with AI allows prediction of the risk of systemic diseases, enabling risk stratification, opening up new avenues for prevention or individualized risk prediction and prevention, facilitating personalized medicine. In this review, we summarise current concepts and evidence in the field of oculomics, highlighting the progress that has been made, remaining challenges, and the opportunities for future research. date: 2025-03-04 date_type: published publisher: Elsevier BV official_url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.preteyeres.2025.101350 oa_status: green full_text_type: pub language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green verified: verified_manual elements_id: 2367457 doi: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2025.101350 medium: Print-Electronic pii: S1350-9462(25)00023-0 lyricists_name: Keane, Pearse lyricists_id: KPEAR28 actors_name: Keane, Pearse actors_id: KPEAR28 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public publication: Progress in Retinal and Eye Research article_number: 101350 event_location: England issn: 1350-9462 citation: Zhu, Zhuoting; Wang, Yueye; Qi, Ziyi; Hu, Wenyi; Zhang, Xiayin; Wagner, Siegfried K; Wang, Yujie; ... Wong, Tien Yin; + view all <#> Zhu, Zhuoting; Wang, Yueye; Qi, Ziyi; Hu, Wenyi; Zhang, Xiayin; Wagner, Siegfried K; Wang, Yujie; Ran, An Ran; Ong, Joshua; Waisberg, Ethan; Masalkhi, Mouayad; Suh, Alex; Tham, Yih Chung; Cheung, Carol Y; Yang, Xiaohong; Yu, Honghua; Ge, Zongyuan; Wang, Wei; Sheng, Bin; Liu, Yun; Lee, Andrew G; Denniston, Alastair K; Wijngaarden, Peter van; Keane, Pearse A; Cheng, Ching-Yu; He, Mingguang; Wong, Tien Yin; - view fewer <#> (2025) Oculomics: Current Concepts and Evidence. Progress in Retinal and Eye Research , Article 101350. 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2025.101350 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.preteyeres.2025.101350>. (In press). Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10205883/1/Keane_Oculomics_Current%20Concepts%20and%20Evidence._1-s2.0-S1350946225000230-main.pdf