eprintid: 10205501 rev_number: 11 eprint_status: archive userid: 699 dir: disk0/10/20/55/01 datestamp: 2025-03-13 10:02:02 lastmod: 2025-03-13 10:02:02 status_changed: 2025-03-13 10:02:02 type: thesis metadata_visibility: show sword_depositor: 699 creators_name: Tong, Kang title: Modular Healthcare Value Dynamics: An Investigation into Programmes, Projects, and Stakeholder Views ispublished: unpub divisions: UCL divisions: B04 divisions: C04 note: Copyright © The Author 2025. Original content in this thesis is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) Licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Any third-party copyright material present remains the property of its respective owner(s) and is licensed under its existing terms. Access may initially be restricted at the author’s request. abstract: Despite the growing adoption of modular hospital design and construction, there remains a significant gap in research on its value. Critical to this is capturing the diverse and often conflicting perspectives of stakeholders, who may perceive both benefits (e.g., economic efficiency) and sacrifices (e.g., spatial constraints) throughout the lifecycle of projects and programmes. This research moves modular construction into the operational setting and beyond the narrow focus on offsite performance (e.g., which has typically confined value measurement to design and construction stages). An archival analysis of a historical modular hospital programme in the UK (Nucleus) enriched 20 workshops (including n=26 participants), capturing diverse client, advisor, architect, contractor, policymaker, and supplier stakeholder viewpoints of value. In addition, eight case studies and semi-structured interviews (n=29) were used to examine the value delivered by modular healthcare projects that have been recently completed. A theoretical framework and set of value categories and criteria were developed to examine modular value across time, organisations, and stakeholders. The findings reveal a need to dynamically capture value assessment, balance the trade-off between benefits and sacrifices that shift across stages, and learn lessons to minimise stakeholder perceived disbenefits. The use of this new framework and the assessment of modular value will support the application of modularisation into hospital developments and provide evidence to demonstrate its importance. The implications of this work are to provide policymakers, clients and their supply chains with a method to access and dynamically learn how to improve modular hospital delivery. date: 2025-02-28 date_type: published oa_status: green full_text_type: other thesis_class: doctoral_open thesis_award: Ph.D language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green verified: verified_manual elements_id: 2365308 lyricists_name: Tong, Kang lyricists_id: KTONG68 actors_name: Tong, Kang actors_id: KTONG68 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public pages: 323 institution: UCL (University College London) department: Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction thesis_type: Doctoral citation: Tong, Kang; (2025) Modular Healthcare Value Dynamics: An Investigation into Programmes, Projects, and Stakeholder Views. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London). Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10205501/2/Thesis%20-%20Kang%20Tong.pdf