eprintid: 10205132 rev_number: 6 eprint_status: archive userid: 699 dir: disk0/10/20/51/32 datestamp: 2025-02-21 13:23:42 lastmod: 2025-02-21 13:23:42 status_changed: 2025-02-21 13:23:42 type: article metadata_visibility: show sword_depositor: 699 creators_name: Mcrae, Louise creators_name: Cornford, Richard creators_name: Marconi, Valentina creators_name: Puleston, Hannah creators_name: Ledger, Sophie EH creators_name: Deinet, Stefanie creators_name: Oppenheimer, Philippa creators_name: Hoffmann, Mike creators_name: Freeman, Robin title: The utility of the Living Planet Index as a policy tool and for measuring nature recovery ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: B02 divisions: C08 divisions: D09 divisions: F99 keywords: Living Planet Index, biodiversity indicators, Convention on Biological Diversity, biodiversity policy, biodiversity recovery note: © 2025 The Author(s). Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited. abstract: The Living Planet Index (LPI) is a leading global biodiversity indicator based on vertebrate population time series. Since it was first developed over 25 years ago, the LPI has been widely used to indicate trends in biodiversity globally, primarily reported every two years in the Living Planet Report. Based on relative abundance, a sensitive metric of biodiversity change, the LPI has also been applied as a tool for informing policy and used in assessments for several multilateral conventions and agreements, including the Convention on Biological Diversity 2010 Biodiversity Target and Aichi targets. Here, we outline all current and some potential uses of the LPI as a policy tool and explore the use of the LPI in policy documents to assess the reach of the LPI geographically and over time. We present limitations to the use of this indicator in policy, primarily relating to the development of the index at the national level, and suggest clear pathways to broaden the utility of the LPI and the underlying database for temporal and spatial predictions of biodiversity change. We also provide evidence that the LPI can detect recoveries in biodiversity and suggest its suitability for measuring progress towards the goal of biodiversity recovery by 2050. This article is part of the discussion meeting issue ‘Bending the curve towards nature recovery: building on Georgina Mace's legacy for a biodiverse future’. date: 2025-01-09 date_type: published publisher: ROYAL SOC official_url: https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2023.0207 oa_status: green full_text_type: pub language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green verified: verified_manual elements_id: 2352675 doi: 10.1098/rstb.2023.0207 medium: Print-Electronic lyricists_name: Ledger, Sophie Emily Haddrell lyricists_name: McRae, Louise lyricists_name: Deinet, Stefanie lyricists_name: Freeman, Robin Mark lyricists_id: SEHLE43 lyricists_id: LMCRA42 lyricists_id: SDEIN19 lyricists_id: RFREE31 actors_name: McRae, Louise actors_id: LMCRA42 actors_role: owner funding_acknowledgements: [Zoological Society of London] full_text_status: public publication: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences volume: 380 number: 1917 article_number: 20230207 pages: 12 event_location: England issn: 0962-8436 citation: Mcrae, Louise; Cornford, Richard; Marconi, Valentina; Puleston, Hannah; Ledger, Sophie EH; Deinet, Stefanie; Oppenheimer, Philippa; ... Freeman, Robin; + view all <#> Mcrae, Louise; Cornford, Richard; Marconi, Valentina; Puleston, Hannah; Ledger, Sophie EH; Deinet, Stefanie; Oppenheimer, Philippa; Hoffmann, Mike; Freeman, Robin; - view fewer <#> (2025) The utility of the Living Planet Index as a policy tool and for measuring nature recovery. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences , 380 (1917) , Article 20230207. 10.1098/rstb.2023.0207 <https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2023.0207>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10205132/1/The%20utility%20of%20the%20Living%20Planet%20Index%20as%20a%20policy%20tool%20and%20for%20measuring%20nature%20recovery.pdf