TY  - JOUR
JF  - Psychological Medicine
A1  - Ferraro, Laura
A1  - Di Forti, Marta
A1  - La Barbera, Daniele
A1  - La Cascia, Caterina
A1  - Morgan, Craig
A1  - Tripoli, Giada
A1  - Jongsma, Hannah
A1  - Seminerio, Fabio
A1  - Sartorio, Crocettarachele
A1  - Sideli, Lucia
A1  - Tarricone, Ilaria
A1  - Carloni, Anna Lisa
A1  - Szoke, Andrei
A1  - Pignon, Baptiste
A1  - Bernardo, Miguel
A1  - de Haan, Lieuwe
A1  - Arango, Celso
A1  - Velthorst, Eva
A1  - Gayer-Anderson, Charlotte
A1  - Kirkbride, James
A1  - Rutten, Bart PF
A1  - Lasalvia, Antonio
A1  - Tosato, Sarah
A1  - Del Ben, Cristina Marta
A1  - Menezes, Paulo Rossi
A1  - Bobes, Julio
A1  - Arrojo, Manuel
A1  - Tortelli, Andrea
A1  - Jones, Peter
A1  - Selten, Jean-Paul
A1  - van Os, Jim
A1  - Murray, Robin
A1  - Quattrone, Diego
A1  - Vassos, Evangelos
KW  - Social Sciences
KW  -  Science & Technology
KW  -  Life Sciences & Biomedicine
KW  -  Psychology
KW  -  Clinical
KW  -  Psychiatry
KW  -  Psychology
KW  -  cannabis
KW  -  childhood abuse
KW  -  cluster analysis
KW  -  IQ
KW  -  risk factors
KW  -  migration
KW  -  CANNABIS USE
KW  -  1ST-EPISODE PSYCHOSIS
KW  -  CHILDHOOD TRAUMA
KW  -  SCHIZOPHRENIA
KW  -  ADJUSTMENT
KW  -  VALIDITY
KW  -  QUESTIONNAIRE
KW  -  METAANALYSIS
KW  -  EXPERIENCES
N2  - BACKGROUND: Previous studies identified clusters of first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients based on cognition and premorbid adjustment. This study examined a range of socio-environmental risk factors associated with clusters of FEP, aiming a) to compare clusters of FEP and community controls using the Maudsley Environmental Risk Score for psychosis (ERS), a weighted sum of the following risks: paternal age, childhood adversities, cannabis use, and ethnic minority membership; b) to explore the putative differences in specific environmental risk factors in distinguishing within patient clusters and from controls. METHODS: A univariable general linear model (GLS) compared the ERS between 1,263 community controls and clusters derived from 802 FEP patients, namely, low (n = 223) and high-cognitive-functioning (n = 205), intermediate (n = 224) and deteriorating (n = 150), from the EU-GEI study. A multivariable GLS compared clusters and controls by different exposures included in the ERS. RESULTS: The ERS was higher in all clusters compared to controls, mostly in the deteriorating (?=2.8, 95% CI 2.3 3.4, ?2 = 0.049) and the low-cognitive-functioning cluster (?=2.4, 95% CI 1.9 2.8, ?2 = 0.049) and distinguished them from the cluster with high-cognitive-functioning. The deteriorating cluster had higher cannabis exposure (meandifference = 0.48, 95% CI 0.49 0.91) than the intermediate having identical IQ, and more people from an ethnic minority (meandifference = 0.77, 95% CI 0.24 1.29) compared to the high-cognitive-functioning cluster. CONCLUSIONS: High exposure to environmental risk factors might result in cognitive impairment and lower-than-expected functioning in individuals at the onset of psychosis. Some patients' trajectories involved risk factors that could be modified by tailored interventions.
ID  - discovery10205125
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1017/s0033291724003507
PB  - CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
SN  - 0033-2917
N1  - Creative Commons
Creative Common License - CCCreative Common License - BYCreative Common License - NCCreative Common License - ND
This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided that no alterations are made and the original article is properly cited. The written permission of Cambridge University Press must be obtained prior to any commercial use and/or adaptation of the article.
Copyright
© The Author(s), 2025. Published by Cambridge University Press
TI  - Cognitive presentation at psychosis onset through premorbid deterioration and exposure to environmental risk factors
VL  - 55
AV  - public
Y1  - 2025/02/05/
EP  - 11
ER  -