TY - JOUR TI - Multi-Objective Improvement of Android Applications EP - 36 AV - public Y1 - 2025/// KW - Android Apps KW - Genetic Improvement KW - Multi-Objective Optimization KW - Search-Based Software Engineering ID - discovery10198292 N2 - Non-functional properties, such as runtime or memory use, are important to mobile app users and developers, as they affect user experience. We propose a practical approach and the first open-source tool, GIDroid for multi-objective automated improvement of Android apps. In particular, we use Genetic Improvement, a search-based technique that navigates the space of software variants to find improved software. We use a simulation-based testing framework to greatly improve the speed of search. GIDroid contains three state-of-the-art multi-objective algorithms, and two new mutation operators, which cache the results of method calls. Genetic Improvement relies on testing to validate patches. Previous work showed that tests in open-source Android applications are scarce. We thus wrote tests for 21 versions of 7 Android apps, creating a new benchmark for performance improvements. We used GIDroid to improve versions of mobile apps where developers had previously found improvements to runtime, memory, and bandwidth use. Our technique automatically re-discovers 64% of existing improvements. We then applied our approach to current versions of software in which there were no known improvements. We were able to improve execution time by up to 35%, and memory use by up to 33% in these apps. PB - Springer Verlag N1 - This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher?s terms and conditions. IS - 2 SP - 1 VL - 32 JF - Automated Software Engineering A1 - Callan, James A1 - Petke, Justyna UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s10515-024-00472-7 ER -