eprintid: 10197847
rev_number: 7
eprint_status: archive
userid: 699
dir: disk0/10/19/78/47
datestamp: 2024-10-02 12:11:37
lastmod: 2024-10-02 12:11:37
status_changed: 2024-10-02 12:11:37
type: article
metadata_visibility: show
sword_depositor: 699
creators_name: Baresic, Domagoj
creators_name: Rehmatulla, Nishatabbas
title: Exploring the Factors Leading to Diffusion of Alternative Fuels Using a Socio-Technical Transition Approach—A Case Study of LNG as a Marine Fuel in Norway
ispublished: pub
divisions: UCL
divisions: B04
divisions: C04
divisions: F34
keywords: liquified natural gas as a marine fuel; sustainability transitions; multilevel perspective; Norway
note: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
abstract: The maritime shipping sector needs to transition towards a low- or zero-emission future to align with the 1.5 °C temperature goal and the recently adopted and revised greenhouse gas (GHG) strategy at the International Maritime Organization (IMO). A significant research gap exists in understanding how socio-economic and socio-political processes can lead to the adoption of alternative marine fuels that will be essential in meeting the aforementioned goals. The aim of this paper is to use a case study of an existing transition to understand how diffusion takes place, specifically how the adoption of liquified natural gas (LNG) in Norway has unfolded and what lessons can be learnt from this process. To answer this question, a combination of semi-structured interviews with key maritime stakeholders and documentary evidence was collected covering the period from 1985 to 2015. The collected data were analysed through a content analysis approach applying the multilevel perspective (MLP) as a heuristic. The qualitative results paint an interesting picture of the changing attitudes towards LNG as a marine fuel in Norway. In the early years, the adoption of LNG was primarily driven by air pollution and political considerations of using Norwegian natural gas, which over time, evolved into a more focused maritime paradigm painted through the lens of the Norwegian maritime industry under wider regulatory developments such as emission control areas (ECAs). By the 2010s, these drivers were superseded by GHG considerations such as methane slip concerns and a less favourable natural gas market leading to a slowdown of LNG adoption. These findings provide valuable insights for understanding future adoption dynamics of alternative zero-emission fuels, particularly in relation to the role of strong technology champions, institutional modification requirements, and starting conditions for a transition.
date: 2024-09-30
date_type: published
publisher: MDPI AG
official_url: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fuels5040032
oa_status: green
full_text_type: pub
language: eng
primo: open
primo_central: open_green
verified: verified_manual
elements_id: 2323431
doi: 10.3390/fuels5040032
lyricists_name: Baresic, Domagoj
lyricists_id: DBARE89
actors_name: Baresic, Domagoj
actors_id: DBARE89
actors_role: owner
full_text_status: public
publication: Fuels
volume: 5
number: 4
pagerange: 574-606
issn: 2673-3994
citation:        Baresic, Domagoj;    Rehmatulla, Nishatabbas;      (2024)    Exploring the Factors Leading to Diffusion of Alternative Fuels Using a Socio-Technical Transition Approach—A Case Study of LNG as a Marine Fuel in Norway.                   Fuels , 5  (4)   pp. 574-606.    10.3390/fuels5040032 <https://doi.org/10.3390/fuels5040032>.       Green open access   
 
document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10197847/1/fuels-05-00032.pdf