@article{discovery10197388,
       publisher = {American Astronomical Society},
           month = {September},
          volume = {972},
            note = {Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.},
            year = {2024},
           title = {Observations of Low and Intermediate Spectral Peak Blazars with the Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer},
         journal = {The Astrophysical Journal},
          number = {1},
          author = {Marshall, HL and Liodakis, I and Marscher, AP and Di Lalla, N and Jorstad, SG and Kim, DE and Middei, R and Negro, M and Omodei, N and Peirson, AL and Perri, M and Puccetti, S and Laurenti, M and Agudo, I and Bonnoli, G and Berdyugin, AV and Cavazzuti, E and Rodriguez Cavero, N and Donnarumma, I and Di Gesu, L and Jormanainen, J and Krawczynski, H and Lindfors, E and Madjeski, G and Marin, F and Massaro, F and Pacciani, L and Poutanen, J and Tavecchio, F and Kouch, PM and Aceituno, FJ and Bernardos, MI and Casanova, V and Garc{\'i}a-Comas, M and Ag{\'i}s-Gonz{\'a}lez, B and Husillos, C and Marchini, A and Sota, A and Blinov, D and Bourbah, IG and Kielhmann, S and Kontopodis, E and Mandarakas, N and Romanopoulos, S and Skalidis, R and Vervelaki, A and Borman, GA and Kopatskaya, EN and Larionova, EG and Morozova, DA and Savchenko, SS and Vasilyev, AA and Zhovtan, AV and Casadio, C and Escudero, J and Kramer, J and Myserlis, I and Trainou, E and Imazawa, R and Sasada, M and Fukazawa, Y and Kawabata, KS and Uemura, M and Mizuno, T and Nakaoka, T and Akitaya, H and Masiero, JR and Mawet, D and Panopoulou, GV and Tinyanont, S and Kagitani, M and Kravtsov, V and Sakanoi, T and Dattolo, M and Gurwell, M and Keating, G and Rao, R and Cheong, WY and Jeong, HW and Kang, S and Kim, SH and Lee, SS and Angelakis, E and Kraus, A and Hales, A and Kameno, S and Kneissl, R and Messias, H and Nagai, H and Antonelli, LA and Bachetti, M and Baldini, L and Baumgartner, WH and Bellazzini, R and Bianchi, S and Bongiorno, SD and Bonino, R and Brez, A and Bucciantini, N and Capitanio, F},
             url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad5671},
        abstract = {We present X-ray polarimetry observations from the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) of three low spectral peak and one intermediate spectral peak blazars, namely 3C 273, 3C 279, 3C 454.3, and S5 0716+714. For none of these objects was IXPE able to detect X-ray polarization at the 3{\ensuremath{\sigma}} level. However, we placed upper limits on the polarization degree at {$\sim$}10\%-30\%. The undetected polarizations favor models where the X-ray band is dominated by unpolarized photons upscattered by relativistic electrons in the jets of blazars, although hadronic models are not completely eliminated. We discuss the X-ray polarization upper limits in the context of our contemporaneous multiwavelength polarization campaigns.},
            issn = {0004-637X}
}