@article{discovery10197355,
            note = {This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher's terms and conditions.},
           month = {June},
            year = {2024},
           title = {Surface Area-Enhanced Cerium and Sulfur-Modified Hierarchical Bismuth Oxide Nanosheets for Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Reduction to Formate},
         journal = {Small},
       publisher = {WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH},
          author = {Palanimuthu, Naveenkumar and Subramaniam, Mohan Raj and Austeria P, Muthu and Sharma, Preetam Kumar and Ramalingam, Vinoth and Peramaiah, Karthik and Ramakrishnan, Shanmugam and Gu, Geun Ho and Yu, Eileen Hao and Yoo, Dong Jin},
             url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.202400913},
        abstract = {Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (ECO2RR) is a promising approach to synthesize fuels and value-added chemical feedstocks while reducing atmospheric CO2 levels. Here, high surface area cerium and sulfur-doped hierarchical bismuth oxide nanosheets (Ce@S-Bi2O3) are develpoed by a solvothermal method. The resulting Ce@S-Bi2O3 electrocatalyst shows a maximum formate Faradaic efficiency (FE) of 92.5\% and a current density of 42.09 mA cm?2 at ?1.16 V versus RHE using a traditional H-cell system. Furthermore, using a three-chamber gas diffusion electrode (GDE) reactor, a maximum formate FE of 85\% is achieved in a wide range of applied potentials (?0.86 to ?1.36 V vs RHE) using Ce@S-Bi2O3. The density functional theory (DFT) results show that doping of Ce and S in Bi2O3 enhances formate production by weakening the OH* and H* species. Moreover, DFT calculations reveal that *OCHO is a dominant pathway on Ce@S-Bi2O3 that leads to efficient formate production. This study opens up new avenues for designing metal and element-doped electrocatalysts to improve the catalytic activity and selectivity for ECO2RR.},
        keywords = {Bismuth oxide; density functional theory; electrochemical CO2 reduction; formate; surface area},
            issn = {1613-6810}
}