TY  - JOUR
Y1  - 2024/08//
N2  - The accretion of matter by compact objects can be inhibited by radiation pressure if the luminosity exceeds a critical value known as the Eddington limit. The discovery of ultraluminous X-ray sources has shown that accretion can proceed even when the apparent luminosity considerably exceeds this limit. A high apparent luminosity might be produced due to the geometric beaming of radiation by an outflow. The outflow half-opening angle, which determines the amplification due to beaming, has never been robustly constrained. Using the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer, we measured the X-ray polarization in the Galactic X-ray binary Cygnus X-3 (Cyg X-3). We found high, >20%, nearly energy-independent linear polarization orthogonal to the direction of the radio ejections. These properties unambiguously indicate the presence of a collimating outflow from the X-ray binary Cyg X-3 and constrain its half-opening angle to ?15°. Thus, the source can be used as a laboratory for studying the supercritical accretion regime. This finding underscores the importance of X-ray polarimetry in advancing our understanding of accreting sources.
ID  - discovery10196156
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-024-02294-9
VL  - 8
SP  - 1031
JF  - Nature Astronomy
A1  - Veledina, Alexandra
A1  - Muleri, Fabio
A1  - Poutanen, Juri
A1  - Podgorný, Jakub
A1  - Dov?iak, Michal
A1  - Capitanio, Fiamma
A1  - Churazov, Eugene
A1  - De Rosa, Alessandra
A1  - Di Marco, Alessandro
A1  - Forsblom, Sofia V
A1  - Kaaret, Philip
A1  - Krawczynski, Henric
A1  - La Monaca, Fabio
A1  - Loktev, Vladislav
A1  - Lutovinov, Alexander A
A1  - Molkov, Sergey V
A1  - Mushtukov, Alexander A
A1  - Ratheesh, Ajay
A1  - Rodriguez Cavero, Nicole
A1  - Steiner, James F
A1  - Sunyaev, Rashid A
A1  - Tsygankov, Sergey S
A1  - Weisskopf, Martin C
A1  - Zdziarski, Andrzej A
A1  - Bianchi, Stefano
A1  - Bright, Joe S
A1  - Bursov, Nikolaj
A1  - Costa, Enrico
A1  - Egron, Elise
A1  - Garcia, Javier A
A1  - Green, David A
A1  - Gurwell, Mark
A1  - Ingram, Adam
A1  - Kajava, Jari JE
A1  - Kale, Ruta
A1  - Kraus, Alex
A1  - Malyshev, Denys
A1  - Marin, Frédéric
A1  - Matt, Giorgio
A1  - McCollough, Michael
A1  - Mereminskiy, Ilya A
A1  - Nizhelsky, Nikolaj
A1  - Piano, Giovanni
A1  - Pilia, Maura
A1  - Pittori, Carlotta
A1  - Rao, Ramprasad
A1  - Righini, Simona
A1  - Soffitta, Paolo
A1  - Shevchenko, Anton
A1  - Svoboda, Jiri
A1  - Tombesi, Francesco
A1  - Trushkin, Sergei A
A1  - Tsybulev, Peter
A1  - Ursini, Francesco
A1  - Wu, Kinwah
A1  - Agudo, Iván
A1  - Antonelli, Lucio A
A1  - Bachetti, Matteo
A1  - Baldini, Luca
A1  - Baumgartner, Wayne H
A1  - Bellazzini, Ronaldo
A1  - Bongiorno, Stephen D
A1  - Bonino, Raffaella
A1  - Brez, Alessandro
A1  - Bucciantini, Niccolò
A1  - Castellano, Simone
A1  - Cavazzuti, Elisabetta
A1  - Chen, Chien-Ting
A1  - Ciprini, Stefano
A1  - Del Monte, Ettore
A1  - Di Gesu, Laura
A1  - Di Lalla, Niccolò
A1  - Donnarumma, Immacolata
A1  - Doroshenko, Victor
A1  - Ehlert, Steven R
A1  - Enoto, Teruaki
A1  - Evangelista, Yuri
A1  - Fabiani, Sergio
A1  - Ferrazzoli, Riccardo
A1  - Gunji, Shuichi
A1  - Hayashida, Kiyoshi
A1  - Heyl, Jeremy
A1  - Iwakiri, Wataru
A1  - Jorstad, Svetlana G
A1  - Karas, Vladimir
A1  - Kislat, Fabian
A1  - Kitaguchi, Takao
A1  - Kolodziejczak, Jeffery J
A1  - Latronico, Luca
A1  - Liodakis, Ioannis
A1  - Maldera, Simone
A1  - Manfreda, Alberto
A1  - Marinucci, Andrea
A1  - Marscher, Alan P
A1  - Marshall, Herman L
A1  - Massaro, Francesco
A1  - Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki
A1  - Mizuno, Tsunefumi
A1  - Negro, Michela
A1  - Ng, Chi-Yung
A1  - O?Dell, Stephen L
A1  - Omodei, Nicola
A1  - Oppedisano, Chiara
A1  - Papitto, Alessandro
A1  - Pavlov, George G
A1  - Peirson, Abel L
A1  - Perri, Matteo
A1  - Pesce-Rollins, Melissa
A1  - Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier
A1  - Possenti, Andrea
A1  - Puccetti, Simonetta
A1  - Ramsey, Brian D
A1  - Rankin, John
A1  - Roberts, Oliver
A1  - Romani, Roger W
A1  - Sgrò, Carmelo
A1  - Slane, Patrick
A1  - Spandre, Gloria
A1  - Swartz, Doug
A1  - Tamagawa, Toru
A1  - Tavecchio, Fabrizio
A1  - Taverna, Roberto
A1  - Tawara, Yuzuru
A1  - Tennant, Allyn F
A1  - Thomas, Nicholas E
A1  - Trois, Alessio
A1  - Turolla, Roberto
A1  - Vink, Jacco
A1  - Xie, Fei
A1  - Zane, Silvia
PB  - Springer Science and Business Media LLC
SN  - 2397-3366
TI  - Cygnus X-3 revealed as a Galactic ultraluminous X-ray source by IXPE
AV  - public
EP  - 1046
N1  - This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher?s terms and conditions.
KW  - Compact astrophysical objects
KW  -  High-energy astrophysics
ER  -