eprintid: 10196008 rev_number: 19 eprint_status: archive userid: 699 dir: disk0/10/19/60/08 datestamp: 2024-09-17 13:03:41 lastmod: 2024-09-17 13:06:55 status_changed: 2024-09-17 13:03:41 type: report metadata_visibility: show sword_depositor: 699 creators_name: Data Study Group Team, creators_name: Acar, Asli creators_name: Ballinger, Ollie creators_name: Cheongkam Jeong, Nina creators_name: Gayther, Ben creators_name: Hamelijnck, Ollie creators_name: Mellor, Lucy creators_name: Miles, Gabriella creators_name: Sheppard, Joanne creators_name: Stoffel, Martin title: Data Study Group Final Report: Global Witness - Identifying Unregulated Mining Sites using Historical Satellite Data ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: B04 divisions: C04 divisions: F40 note: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode. abstract: Rare earth metals are a critical component in the manufacturing process of many electric vehicles, wind turbines, and consumer electronics such as mobile phones. Demand for rare earth metals has increased rapidly in the past twenty years, and is expected to increase five-fold by 2040. China has historically dominated the global supply of rare earth elements, and is the largest producer of the manufactured products that require them. However, many of China’s domestic mines have been shut down due to concerns over pollution, which raises the question: Where does China obtain its supply of rare earth elements? Reported quantities of Chinese imports of rare earth minerals from Myanmar have increased substantially in recent years; In 2014, Myanmar exported just $1.5m of rare earths to China. By 2021, this sum had reached $740m. However, a six month investigation by Global Witness found a significant amount of illicit production and trade of these minerals in rebel-held areas along Myanmar’s north-eastern border with China. date: 2023 date_type: published publisher: The Alan Turing Institute official_url: https://www.turing.ac.uk/news/publications/data-study-group-final-report-global-witness-identifying-unregulated-mining-sites oa_status: green full_text_type: pub language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green verified: verified_manual elements_id: 2306500 doi: 10.5281/zenodo.8366048 confidential: false lyricists_name: Ballinger, Ollie lyricists_id: OBALL39 actors_name: Ballinger, Ollie actors_id: OBALL39 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public number: Version1 place_of_pub: London, UK pages: 63 citation: Data Study Group Team; Acar, Asli; Ballinger, Ollie; Cheongkam Jeong, Nina; Gayther, Ben; Hamelijnck, Ollie; Mellor, Lucy; + view all <#> Data Study Group Team; Acar, Asli; Ballinger, Ollie; Cheongkam Jeong, Nina; Gayther, Ben; Hamelijnck, Ollie; Mellor, Lucy; Miles, Gabriella; Sheppard, Joanne; Stoffel, Martin; - view fewer <#> (2023) Data Study Group Final Report: Global Witness - Identifying Unregulated Mining Sites using Historical Satellite Data. The Alan Turing Institute: London, UK. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10196008/1/turing_dsg_report_feb_2023_global_witness.pdf