eprintid: 10195363 rev_number: 7 eprint_status: archive userid: 699 dir: disk0/10/19/53/63 datestamp: 2024-08-05 12:08:13 lastmod: 2024-08-05 12:08:13 status_changed: 2024-08-05 12:08:13 type: article metadata_visibility: show sword_depositor: 699 creators_name: Rajput, Saurabhsingh creators_name: Widmayer, Tim creators_name: Shang, Ziyuan creators_name: Kechagia, Maria creators_name: Sarro, Federica creators_name: Sharma, Tushar title: Enhancing Energy-Awareness in Deep Learning through Fine-Grained Energy Measurement ispublished: inpress divisions: UCL divisions: B04 divisions: F48 keywords: Energy measurement, Green Artificial Intelligence, Fine-grained energy measurement note: This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. abstract: With the increasing usage, scale, and complexity of Deep Learning (DL) models, their rapidly growing energy consumption has become a critical concern. Promoting green development and energy awareness at different granularities is the need of the hour to limit carbon emissions of dl systems. However, the lack of standard and repeatable tools to accurately measure and optimize energy consumption at fine granularity (e.g., at the API level) hinders progress in this area. This paper introduces FECoM (Fine-grained Energy Consumption Meter), a framework for fine-grained DL energy consumption measurement. FECoM enables researchers and developers to profile DL APIS from energy perspective. FECoM addresses the challenges of fine-grained energy measurement using static instrumentation while considering factors such as computational load and temperature stability. We assess FECoM’s capability for fine-grained energy measurement for one of the most popular open-source DL frameworks, namely TENSORFLOW. Using FECoM, we also investigate the impact of parameter size and execution time on energy consumption, enriching our understanding of TENSORFLOW APIS’ energy profiles. Furthermore, we elaborate on the considerations and challenges while designing and implementing a fine-grained energy measurement tool. This work will facilitate further advances in dl energy measurement and the development of energy-aware practices for DL systems. date: 2024-07-26 date_type: published publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) official_url: https://doi.org/10.1145/3680470 oa_status: green full_text_type: other language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green verified: verified_manual elements_id: 2302382 doi: 10.1145/3680470 lyricists_name: Kechagia, Maria lyricists_name: Sarro, Federica lyricists_id: MKECH60 lyricists_id: FSSAR72 actors_name: Bracey, Alan actors_id: ABBRA90 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public publication: ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology issn: 1049-331X citation: Rajput, Saurabhsingh; Widmayer, Tim; Shang, Ziyuan; Kechagia, Maria; Sarro, Federica; Sharma, Tushar; (2024) Enhancing Energy-Awareness in Deep Learning through Fine-Grained Energy Measurement. ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology 10.1145/3680470 <https://doi.org/10.1145/3680470>. (In press). Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10195363/1/3680470%20%281%29.pdf