eprintid: 10195027 rev_number: 7 eprint_status: archive userid: 699 dir: disk0/10/19/50/27 datestamp: 2024-07-24 15:15:30 lastmod: 2024-07-24 15:15:30 status_changed: 2024-07-24 15:15:30 type: article metadata_visibility: show sword_depositor: 699 creators_name: Doshi, Anil R creators_name: Hauser, Oliver P title: Generative AI enhances individual creativity but reduces the collective diversity of novel content ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: B04 divisions: F49 note: Copyright © 2024 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY). This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. abstract: Creativity is core to being human. Generative artificial intelligence (AI)-including powerful large language models (LLMs)-holds promise for humans to be more creative by offering new ideas, or less creative by anchoring on generative AI ideas. We study the causal impact of generative AI ideas on the production of short stories in an online experiment where some writers obtained story ideas from an LLM. We find that access to generative AI ideas causes stories to be evaluated as more creative, better written, and more enjoyable, especially among less creative writers. However, generative AI-enabled stories are more similar to each other than stories by humans alone. These results point to an increase in individual creativity at the risk of losing collective novelty. This dynamic resembles a social dilemma: With generative AI, writers are individually better off, but collectively a narrower scope of novel content is produced. Our results have implications for researchers, policy-makers, and practitioners interested in bolstering creativity. date: 2024-07-12 date_type: published publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) official_url: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adn5290 oa_status: green full_text_type: pub language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green verified: verified_manual elements_id: 2297399 doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adn5290 medium: Print-Electronic lyricists_name: Doshi, Anil lyricists_id: ARDOS53 actors_name: Doshi, Anil actors_id: ARDOS53 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public publication: Science Advances volume: 10 number: 28 article_number: eadn5290 event_location: United States issn: 2375-2548 citation: Doshi, Anil R; Hauser, Oliver P; (2024) Generative AI enhances individual creativity but reduces the collective diversity of novel content. Science Advances , 10 (28) , Article eadn5290. 10.1126/sciadv.adn5290 <https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adn5290>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10195027/1/Generative%20AI%20enhances%20individual%20creativity%20but%20reduces%20the%20collective%20diversity%20of%20novel%20content.pdf