eprintid: 10194588 rev_number: 9 eprint_status: archive userid: 699 dir: disk0/10/19/45/88 datestamp: 2024-07-16 13:54:32 lastmod: 2024-07-16 13:54:32 status_changed: 2024-07-16 13:54:32 type: article metadata_visibility: show sword_depositor: 699 creators_name: Kubitza, Niels creators_name: Huck, Isabel creators_name: Pazniak, Hanna creators_name: Kalha, Curran creators_name: Koch, David creators_name: Zhao, Bo creators_name: Thakur, Pardeep K creators_name: Lee, Tien-Lin creators_name: Riaz, Aysha A creators_name: Donner, Wolfgang creators_name: Zhang, Hongbin creators_name: Moss, Benjamin creators_name: Wiedwald, Ulf creators_name: Regoutz, Anna creators_name: Birkel, Christina S title: Between carbide and nitride MAX phases: sol–gel assisted synthesis and characterization of the carbonitride phase Cr₂GaC₁₋ₓNₓ ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: B04 divisions: C06 divisions: F56 note: This version is the author-accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. abstract: MAX phases are almost exclusively known as carbides, while nitrides and carbonitrides form a significantly underrepresented subgroup even though they have been shown to possess enhanced properties in comparison to their carbide counterparts. One example is the nitride phase Cr2GaN which exhibits a spin density wave magnetic state below T = 170 K, while the metallic carbide phase Cr2GaC follows the MAX phase-typical Pauli-paramagnetic behavior. To investigate the influence on the materials/functional properties of mixing carbon and nitrogen on the X-site, this study aims to synthesize and comprehensively characterize the hitherto unknown carbonitride phase Cr2GaC1-xNx and compare it to the parent phases. Due to the challenging synthesis of (carbo)nitrides in general, a sol-gel-assisted approach is applied which was recently developed by our group. This process was further improved by using time-efficient microwave heating, leading to a highly phase pure product. STEM-EDX analyses reveal a C/N ratio of roughly 2:1. Temperature-dependent XRD measurements confirm the literature-known magnetic phase transition of the parent nitride phase Cr2GaN, while the incorporation of carbon suppresses the latter. Nonetheless, magnetic characterization of the phases reveals that the magnetic behavior can be specifically influenced by changing the composition of the X-site, resulting in an increase of the susceptibility by increasing the nitrogen amount. Overall, these findings further substantiate the big potential in nitrogen-containing MAX phases, which will also serve as starting materials for future doping studies, i.e. on the M- and A-site, and as precursors for novel 2D MXenes. date: 2024-04-18 date_type: published publisher: ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY official_url: https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TC00067F full_text_type: other language: eng verified: verified_manual elements_id: 2272452 doi: 10.1039/D4TC00067F lyricists_name: Regoutz, Anna lyricists_id: AREGO48 actors_name: Regoutz, Anna actors_id: AREGO48 actors_role: owner funding_acknowledgements: NT29451 [Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft]; [Department of Chemistry, UCL] full_text_status: restricted publication: Journal of Materials Chemistry C volume: 12 number: 21 pagerange: 7552-7561 pages: 11 issn: 2050-7526 citation: Kubitza, Niels; Huck, Isabel; Pazniak, Hanna; Kalha, Curran; Koch, David; Zhao, Bo; Thakur, Pardeep K; ... Birkel, Christina S; + view all <#> Kubitza, Niels; Huck, Isabel; Pazniak, Hanna; Kalha, Curran; Koch, David; Zhao, Bo; Thakur, Pardeep K; Lee, Tien-Lin; Riaz, Aysha A; Donner, Wolfgang; Zhang, Hongbin; Moss, Benjamin; Wiedwald, Ulf; Regoutz, Anna; Birkel, Christina S; - view fewer <#> (2024) Between carbide and nitride MAX phases: sol–gel assisted synthesis and characterization of the carbonitride phase Cr₂GaC₁₋ₓNₓ. Journal of Materials Chemistry C , 12 (21) pp. 7552-7561. 10.1039/D4TC00067F <https://doi.org/10.1039/D4TC00067F>. document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10194588/1/Regoutz_Birkel_Cr2GaC_N_JMCC_rev_final%20%281%29.pdf