eprintid: 10194069 rev_number: 7 eprint_status: archive userid: 699 dir: disk0/10/19/40/69 datestamp: 2024-07-03 08:51:10 lastmod: 2024-07-03 08:51:10 status_changed: 2024-07-03 08:51:10 type: article metadata_visibility: show sword_depositor: 699 creators_name: Zúñiga, Nicholas creators_name: Burton, Saheli Datta creators_name: Blancato, Filippo creators_name: Carr, Madeline title: The geopolitics of technology standards: historical context for US, EU and Chinese approaches ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: B04 divisions: C05 divisions: C06 divisions: F48 divisions: F58 note: © The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Institute of International A,airs. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/ licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. abstract: This article provides a review of the historical trends that are shaping global competition for standard setting in emerging technologies. Specifically, it explores how the traditional rule-makers of international standardization, namely the United States and Europe, are responding to the rise of China in standard-setting. The article argues that three polities are adapting their standard-setting strategies to shifting power dynamics in the international technology order. To preserve its competitive advantage, the US is becoming more interventionist and proactive in setting technology standards. China has developed a long-term standardization strategy to bolster its domestic industrial development, increase its influence and reap greater profits from the process of rule-making. Finally, the EU is seeking a third way that strikes a balance between competition and cooperation to preserve values like interoperability, which have historically benefited its single market and the global economy at large. Our historical review shows that, while the three polities have different priorities and face distinct challenges, they all seem to converge towards a greater role for governments in standard-setting. date: 2024-06-17 date_type: published publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP) official_url: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ia/iiae124 oa_status: green full_text_type: pub language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green verified: verified_manual elements_id: 2287258 doi: 10.1093/ia/iiae124 lyricists_name: Carr, Madeline lyricists_name: Blancato, Filippo Gualtiero lyricists_name: Datta Burton, Saheli lyricists_id: MCARR21 lyricists_id: FFBLA67 lyricists_id: SDATT23 actors_name: Datta Burton, Saheli actors_id: SDATT23 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public publication: International Affairs article_number: iiae124 issn: 0020-5850 citation: Zúñiga, Nicholas; Burton, Saheli Datta; Blancato, Filippo; Carr, Madeline; (2024) The geopolitics of technology standards: historical context for US, EU and Chinese approaches. International Affairs , Article iiae124. 10.1093/ia/iiae124 <https://doi.org/10.1093/ia%2Fiiae124>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10194069/1/INTA100_4_Zuniga%20et%20al%5B31%5D.pdf