eprintid: 10192944 rev_number: 9 eprint_status: archive userid: 699 dir: disk0/10/19/29/44 datestamp: 2024-06-03 10:12:45 lastmod: 2024-06-03 10:12:45 status_changed: 2024-06-03 10:12:45 type: article metadata_visibility: show sword_depositor: 699 creators_name: Sun, Jie creators_name: Sun, Siying creators_name: Chen, Boli creators_name: Hu, Yukun title: Charging change: Analysing the UK's electric vehicle infrastructure policies and market dynamics ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: B04 divisions: C05 divisions: F44 divisions: F46 keywords: Infrastructure planning, Evolutionary game theory, Network topology, Charging stations, Dynamic interaction note: © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. under a Creative Commons license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). abstract: Over the past decades, there has been a rapid adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and a gradual reduction in the number of Gas Stations, aligning with carbon neutrality objectives. Major oil companies, like Shell, are transferring Gas Stations to Charging Stations, supported by UK government incentives to stimulate the charging infrastructure. This paper systematically investigates three key stakeholders: government, investors, and end-users, examining their interactions and the transition of stations, and evaluating the economic intrinsic competition relationships. Integrating the complex networks, it spatially represents the relative positions of stations and designates Gas Stations as potential future locations for Charging Stations. Meanwhile, this paper comprehensively analyses various policies targeting the UK market, applies dual market analysis to compare the simple and complex market structures among policy scenarios, emphasising the necessity for applying complex interactive markets in industrial evaluation. The findings reveal that direct policies targeting Charging Stations exert immediate and positive effects, while indirect policies targeting Gas Stations and consumers demonstrate marginal diminishing effects. Furthermore, subsidies on the EV prices are less effective compared with other policies, like construction subsidies, operation subsidies, etc., highlighting the need for targeted policy designs, to maximise the expansion and efficacy of EVs and Charging infrastructure. date: 2024-08 date_type: published publisher: Elsevier BV official_url: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114178 oa_status: green full_text_type: pub language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green verified: verified_manual elements_id: 2279897 doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114178 lyricists_name: Chen, Boli lyricists_name: Hu, Yukun lyricists_id: BCHEB76 lyricists_id: YHUDX81 actors_name: Chen, Boli actors_id: BCHEB76 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public publication: Energy Policy volume: 191 article_number: 114178 citation: Sun, Jie; Sun, Siying; Chen, Boli; Hu, Yukun; (2024) Charging change: Analysing the UK's electric vehicle infrastructure policies and market dynamics. Energy Policy , 191 , Article 114178. 10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114178 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2024.114178>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10192944/3/Chen_Charging%20change_VoR.pdf