%P 73-83 %D 2024 %V 8 %A Arthur Petersen %E Anne Runehov %E Michael Fuller %T Willem Drees and the Varieties of Naturalism %B Science, Religion, the Humanities and Hope: Essays in Honour of Willem B. Drees %X In several of his works, Willem Drees has engaged with many varieties of naturalism. In this chapter I review his own preferred variety, which he most recently labelled ‘science-inspired naturalism’, linking it back to some of his earlier works and mapping it to an overview of the varieties of naturalism and the ‘transcendental naturalism’ that I have recently advocated in dialogue with William James, Heinrich Rickert and Bruno Latour. Drees distinguishes between ‘science-inspired naturalism’, ‘philosophical naturalism’ and ‘religious naturalism’. He argues for science-inspired naturalism and sees philosophical naturalism and religious naturalism as optional choices which are not necessarily implicated by science-inspired naturalism. I assess his claims on naturalism and science, naturalism and philosophy and naturalism and religion. I conclude that his work is compatible with my variety: transcendental naturalism. This means that science must be taken seriously, philosophy must as much as possible refrain from metaphysics and religion must take metaphysics on faith without resorting to supernaturalism. %C Cham, Switzerland %O This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher's terms and conditions. %I Springer Nature %L discovery10189719