@article{discovery10188747, month = {January}, volume = {30}, publisher = {Nature Publishing Group}, note = {This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher's terms and conditions.}, pages = {61--75}, year = {2024}, title = {The IDEAL framework for surgical robotics: development, comparative evaluation and long-term monitoring}, journal = {Nature Medicine}, issn = {1078-8956}, keywords = {Science \& Technology, Life Sciences \& Biomedicine, Biochemistry \& Molecular Biology, Cell Biology, Medicine, Research \& Experimental, Research \& Experimental Medicine, HEALTH TECHNOLOGY-ASSESSMENT, LEARNING-CURVES, SURGERY, INNOVATION, CANCER, VALIDATION, SAFETY, TOOL}, author = {Marcus, Hani J and Ramirez, Pedro T and Khan, Danyal Z and Layard Horsfall, Hugo and Hanrahan, John G and Williams, Simon C and Beard, David J and Bhat, Rani and Catchpole, Ken and Cook, Andrew and Hutchison, Katrina and Martin, Janet and Melvin, Tom and Stoyanov, Danail and Rovers, Maroeska and Raison, Nicholas and Dasgupta, Prokar and Noonan, David and Stocken, Deborah and Sturt, Georgia and Vanhoestenberghe, Anne and Vasey, Baptiste and McCulloch, Peter and IDEAL Robotics Colloquium, {}}, abstract = {The next generation of surgical robotics is poised to disrupt healthcare systems worldwide, requiring new frameworks for evaluation. However, evaluation during a surgical robot's development is challenging due to their complex evolving nature, potential for wider system disruption and integration with complementary technologies like artificial intelligence. Comparative clinical studies require attention to intervention context, learning curves and standardized outcomes. Long-term monitoring needs to transition toward collaborative, transparent and inclusive consortiums for real-world data collection. Here, the Idea, Development, Exploration, Assessment and Long-term monitoring (IDEAL) Robotics Colloquium proposes recommendations for evaluation during development, comparative study and clinical monitoring of surgical robots-providing practical recommendations for developers, clinicians, patients and healthcare systems. Multiple perspectives are considered, including economics, surgical training, human factors, ethics, patient perspectives and sustainability. Further work is needed on standardized metrics, health economic assessment models and global applicability of recommendations.}, url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41591-023-02732-7} }